seals and clay sealings are the most important cultural material of sasanian period. there have been a few seals and bullas of various periods retained in the moghadam museum of tehran. these materials have not been introduced so far. authors of the present paper aim at to study and introduce the sasanian seals and bullas of this museum especially those bearing animal symbolic motifs. we do thi...

The economic function of the wetlands and marshes Ard Maysan region is laid out through a multi-disciplinary approach. Ethnographic comparisons, historical archaeological evidence, presence three crucial Sasanian urban centres confirm existence relationships between diverse range communities. Still unclear development maritime trade this re-assessment significance hints at large-scale trading b...

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After the Arab-Muslim conquest (c. 650 CE), what we know of Middle Persian literacy in territory known as Ērānsahr is still little documented. Precisely, there evidence about linguistic developments during first two centuries but for an extract allegedly written by ibn al-Muqaffa. Most scholars’ debate on this passage based studied – mainly, inscriptions found south western part Sasanian empire...