The enzyme group-VIIA phospholipase A2 (gVIIA-PLA2) is bound to lipoproteins in human blood and hydrolyzes the ester bond at the sn-2 position of phospholipid substrates with a short sn-2 chain. The enzyme belongs to a serine hydrolase superfamily of enzymes, which react with organophosphorus (OP) nerve agents. OPs ultimately exert their toxicity by inhibiting human acetycholinesterase at nerve...

Dimetyl metylphosphonate (DMMP) is a simulant of sarin, which representative nerve agents. Sarin an organophosphorus toxic compound that inhibitor acetylcholinesterase, paralyzing human neurotransmission and the autonomic nervous system. Detection these agents has been considered important for safety issues to prevent terrorism counter military threats. Although there have various studies on se...

In this work, the ability of four newly synthesized oximes--K005 (1,3-bis(2-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium) propane dibromide), K027 (1-(4-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium)-3-(4-carbamoylpyridinium) propane dibromide), K033 (1,4-bis(2-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium) butane dibromide) and K048 (1-(4-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium)-4-(4-carbamoylpyridinium) butane dibromide) to reactivate acetylcholinester...

This study was designed to assess the after effects of sarin exposure on the nervous system in victims of the Tokyo Subway Sarin Attack, which occurred on 20 March, 1995. We performed a similar study 3 yr after the disaster. This time, we newly enrolled 36 staff of the Teito Rapid Transit Authority (Tokyo Eidan subway) to assess the 7 yr after effects on the nervous system, and merged previous ...

Self-propelled micromotor-based fluorescent "On-Off" detection of nerve agents is described. The motion-based assay utilizes Si/Pt Janus micromotors coated with fluoresceinamine toward real-time "on-the-fly" field detection of sarin and soman simulants.

The synthesis, characterization and sensing features of a novel probe 1 for the selective chromogenic recognition of diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP), a sarin and soman mimic, in 99:1 (v/v) water/acetonitrile and in the gas phase is reported. Colour modulation is based on the combined reaction of phosphorylation of 1 and fluoride-induced hydrolysis of a silyl ether moiety. As fluoride is a spec...

In the model of choice, studied in this paper, the decision maker chooses the actions non-probabilistically in each period (Sarin and Vahid, 1999; Sarin, 2000). The action is chosen if it yields the biggest payoff according to the decision maker’s subjective assessment. Decision maker knows nothing about the process that generates the payoffs. If the decision maker remembers only recent payoffs...