Changes in the position of the low salinity zone, a habitat suitability index, turbidity, and water temperature modeled from four 100-year scenarios of climate change were evaluated for possible effects on delta smeltHypomesus transpacificus, which is endemic to the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta. The persistence of delta smelt in much of its current habitat into the next century appears uncertai...

In this study, changes in some quality parameters of fish chips produced from sand smelt (Atherina boyeri, RISSO 1810) during storage period (at -18  o C for 6 months) were determined.  The difference between the amount of moisture, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash components of raw fish in fish chips was significant (P<0.05). Pre-frying  process resulted in a decrease in all fatty acid c...

The delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) is an endangered pelagic fish species endemic to the Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary in Northern California, which acts as an indicator of ecosystem health in its habitat range. Interrogative tools are required to successfully monitor effects of contaminants upon the delta smelt, and to research potential causes of population decline in this species. We...

The archaeological remains of a metallurgical workshop were excavated at Amboronala (northeast Madagascar/1000–1200 CE). bulk mineralogical (X-ray Diffraction) and chemical Fluorescence) data on ores, building materials, slag are used to carry out mass balance calculation. results show an important variability from one smelt the other, reflecting poorly controlled process. During each smelt, gi...

Sand dripping in 1 dimensional Sand Pile Model is rst studied. Patterns and signals appear. Their behaviors and interactions are explained and asymptotic approximations are made. The total collapsing time of a single stack of sand is linear in function of the number of grains.

Background: The delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) is a pelagic fish species listed as endangered under both the USA Federal and Californian State Endangered Species Acts and considered an indicator of ecosystem health in its habitat range, which is limited to the SacramentoSan Joaquin estuary in California, USA. Anthropogenic contaminants are one of multiple stressors affecting this system...

We analyzed mitochondrial DNA genetic variance in anadromous smelt to test whether the ecological processes inferred by the member–vagrant hypothesis to explain spatial patterns of abundance may also have evolutionary consequences for the process of population divergence. Restriction enzyme analysis was performed on 568 adult smelt from 16 sites within the estuary and the Gulf of St. Lawrence (...

Climate change is warming up water all over the world, including in San Francisco Estuary. This has caused fish who live there to their behavior unexpected ways. All animals, fish, have regular and specialized behaviors that help them survive. Fish swim, by themselves or groups, move safer habitats, find food mates, just avoid danger. Scientists worry changes these brought on will make estuarie...