This paper reviews existing Non-Homogeneous Poisson Process (NHPP) software reliability models and their limitations, and proposes a more powerful non-homogeneous Markov model for the fault detection/removal problem. In addition, this non-homogeneous Markov model allows for the possibility of a nite time to repair a fault and for imperfections in the repair process. The proposed scheme provides...

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is a promising technique for plot-wise acquisition of geometric attributes of forests. However, there still exists a need for TLS applications in mountain forests where tree stems’ growing directions are not vertical. This paper presents a novel method to model tree stems precisely in an alpine landslide-affected forest using TLS. Tree stems are automatically de...

Reference ranges Most tests used in clinical medicine give a numerical result on a continuous measurement scale. Pathologists or clinicians attempt to interpret the result by comparing it with a "reference range" previously calculated from a study of people who do not have the disease in question. By current convention, the reference range includes all but the top and bottom 2 5% of the results...

Using Tukey-Kramer versus the ANOVA F-test as the omnibus test of the Hayter-Fisher procedure for comparing all pairs of normally distributed means, when sample sizes are unequal, is investigated. Simulation results suggest that using Tukey-Kramer leads to as much or more any-pairs power compared to using the F-test for certain patterns of mean differences, and equivalent per-pair and all-pairs...

The behaviour of group sequential tests in the two-sample problem is investigated if one replaces the classical non-robust estimators in the t-test statistic by modern robust estimators of location and scale. Hampel's 3-part redescending M-estimator 25A used in the Princeton study and the robust scale estimators length of the shortest half proposed by Rousseeuw & Leroy and Q proposed by Roussee...

Ask experts what would be an important reduction in amount consumed. Need some idea of the SD of a within-child difference in consumption from a four hour period in one day to a four hour period in another day. Could do a pilot study with say 10 children measured [without any intervention] on two different days and get the SD of the 10 differences. Then use sample size formula for 1 sample t-te...