Typhoid group of fevers pose a major threat and are a cause of high morbidity and mortality in the tropical countries. Over the last decade there has been a steady increase in the development of multiresistant strains of Salmonellae all over the world. Multiresistance ranges between 5% to 86%. In a recent study in Pakistan multidrug resistance in Salmonellae has increased to over 39%. Hence alt...

The in vitro activities of five cephalosporin antibiotics against 121 strains of salmonellae were compared. Cefamandole and cefaclor were more potent than cefazolin, and these three drugs were more active than cephalothin and cephalexin.

A glass apparatus system was compared with a standard enrichment broth-selective agar method to test samples of egg noodles, cake mixes, and candy for the presence or absence of salmonellae. The glass apparatus system used fermentation of mannitol, production of H(2)S, or motility, in conjunction with a serological test of flagellar antigens, to detect salmonellae. No salmonellae were detected ...

Food-borne diseases are the main problem particularly in developing countries and cause the majority of illness and death around the World. Food is the most important vehicle that transmits microorganisms to human (Vernam, 1991). Among these micro-organisms salmonellae still a major cause of food-borne human diseases (Soultose et al., 2003; Carraminana et al., 2004). Poultry and poultry product...

In this study, we evaluated how flagella enhance the pathogenicity of Salmonella typhimurium in strain C57BL/6J mice. When mice were infected orally with flagellated or nonflagellated S. typhimurium, equivalent numbers of bacteria colonized the gastrointestinal tracts of the animals, but the number of flagellated organisms increased faster once colonization began in the spleens and livers. To e...

Survival of Salmonella senftenberg 775W, S. anatum, and S. typhimurium during exposure to currently practiced, as well as abusive, pecan processing and storage conditions was studied. Thermal treatments normally carried out during the processing of pecans are inadequate to consistently destroy salmonellae in highly contaminated inshell nuts. Pecan nut packing tissue was toxic to salmonellae, th...

The adaptations that protect pathogenic microorganisms against the cytotoxicity of nitric oxide (NO) engendered in the immune response are incompletely understood. We show here that salmonellae experiencing nitrosative stress suffer dramatic losses of the nucleoside triphosphates ATP, GTP, CTP, and UTP while simultaneously generating a massive burst of the alarmone nucleotide guanosine tetrapho...

BACKGROUND The emergence and spread of drug resistant Salmonellae of both human and animal origins are global concerns and worrisome in countries where the risk of infection is high and treatment options are limited. The objective of this study was to estimate the proportions of animal isolates resistant to antimicrobials used against human salmonellosis in Ethiopia. METHODS Published studies...

Salmonella outbreaks from contaminated water and nonanimal foods (e.g., produce) are increasingly reported. To address the environment as a potential source of pathogenic Salmonella, we investigated levels of salmonellae and the geographic and temporal variation of Salmonella serotypes from surface waters in a region of Georgia (United States) with a history of high salmonellosis case rates. Mo...