introduction: tonsillectomy is one of the most common procedures performed by ear, nose, and throat surgeon.  usually, the procedure is carried out as an inpatient surgery. with the increasing need to reduce healthcare costs, spare precious hospital beds, and shorten elective surgery lists, there is currently a trend towards performing tonsillectomy on a daycare basis.  materials and methods: a...

According to statistic data of China in recent years, gas explosion accounted for above 70% in all coal mine accidents. Frequent gas explosion accidents have caused great losses of lives and property. Therefore gas detection and monitoring system is needed to serve as a safety device in coal production. In this paper, an intelligent gas detecting system is designed. This detection instrument ad...

In this paper, we propose a method for designing efficient fail-safe multitolerant systems. A multitolerant system is one that is able to tolerate multiple types of faults, and a fail-safe multitolerant system handles the various fault types in a fail-safe manner. Efficiency issues of interest are fault tolerance-related, and they are: (i) completeness, and (ii) accuracy. Based on earlier work,...

Over the last five years, the use of avalanche airbags has increased dramatically, both among professional guides and amateur recreationists. While there were only a couple different airbag types on the market ten years ago, backcountry enthusiasts can now choose from a wide range of models produced by at least four different manufacturers. In additional, a few new manufacturers are pushing int...

Copyright Statement Copyright 2005 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by JohnWiley & Sons, Ltd. This review is published as a Cochrane Review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 3, Art. No.: CD004445. Cochrane Reviews are regularly updated as new evidence emerges and in response to comments and criticisms, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews should be consu...

We propose algorithms for the synthesis of decentralized statefeedback controllers with partial observation of infinite state systems, which are modeled by Symbolic Transition Systems. We first consider the computation of safe controllers ensuring the avoidance of a set of forbidden states and then extend this result to the deadlock free case. The termination of the algorithms solving these pro...

Design diversity has been discussed in depth for at least three decades. There is a consensus on what benefit can be achieved and what cannot be achieved. In the light of modern computer systems, whose complexity is growing, and where increasingly automated tools are used for system generation, there is more potential for the successful use of diversity in its many forms. Diversity is even one ...

Unlike gun control, enhanced prison penalties for gun crimes enjoy widespread support from all sides of the U.S. gun policy debate. Prison sentence enhancements have the potential to reduce gun violence by incapacitating individuals who have been convicted of gun crimes and deterring such crimes in the future. Moreover, such a policy does not affect the ability of law-abiding adults to keep gun...

New bounds are proposed for the Marcum -function, which is defined by an integral expression where the 0th-order modified Bessel function appears. The proposed bounds are derived by suitable approximations of the 0th-order modified Bessel function in the integration region of the Marcum -function. They prove to be very tight and outperform bounds previously proposed in the literature. In partic...

Participants in student loan programs must repay loans in full regardless of whether they complete college. But many students who take out a loan do not earn a degree (the dropout rate among college students is between 33 to 50 percent). We examine whether insurance, in the form of loan forgiveness in the event of failure to complete college, can be offered, taking into account moral hazard and...