The lack of information about core’s internal structure is The designers must rely solely on the test set distributed by the core provider. Sometimes the stuck at fault (SAF) model and automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) are used to generate test vectors for those pre-defined blocks. However, a SAF test set could waste lots of time to verify the pre-verified internal structure of the cores...

The purpose of this paper is to describe a new, user-friendly tool that will enable researchers and instructors to setup and run virtual environment scenarios that adapt to the VE user’s real-time performance and cognitive status. This tool, the Automated SAF Adaptation Tool (ASAT), will work with existing performance and cognitive state assessment software, and with existing semi-automated for...

Ionizing radiation (IR) induces highly cytotoxic double-strand breaks (DSBs) and also clustered oxidized bases in mammalian genomes. Base excision repair (BER) of bi-stranded oxidized bases could generate additional DSBs as repair intermediates in the vicinity of direct DSBs, leading to loss of DNA fragments. This could be avoided if DSB repair via DNA-PK-mediated nonhomologous end joining (NHE...

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of D-RaCe files and a self-adjusting file (SAF) system in removing filling material from curved root canals instrumented and filled with different techniques by using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). The mesial roots of 20 extracted mandibular first molars were used. Root canals (mesiobuccal and mesiolingual) were instrumented with SAF or Re...

Symptomatic burden in myeloproliferative neoplasms is present in most patients and compromises quality of life. We sought to validate a broadly applicable 18-item instrument (Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Symptom Assessment Form [MPN-SAF], coadministered with the Brief Fatigue Inventory) to assess symptoms of myelofibrosis, essential thrombocythemia, and polycythemia vera among prospective cohort...

Hemodialysis (HD) is the most frequently used treatment for end-stage renal disease. Despite all efforts to improve the outcomes, the mortality of patients on HD is still high, and this is especially related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Glucose degradation products accumulate in plasma and tissue; such accumulation is strongly related to the risk of developing CVD. Tissue deposits of advan...

Snow-albedo feedback (SAF) is examined in 25 climate change simulations 5 participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project version 5 (CMIP5). SAF 6 behavior is compared to the feedback’s behavior in the previous (CMIP3) generation of 7 global models. SAF strength exhibits a fivefold spread across CMIP5 models, ranging 8 from 0.03 to 0.16 W m−2 K−1 (ensemble-mean = 0.08 W m−2 K−1). Thi...

BACKGROUND Haemodialysis (HD) patients suffer from an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Skin autofluorescence (SAF) is a strong marker for CVD. SAF indirectly measures tissue advanced glycation end products (AGE) being cumulative metabolites of oxidative stress and cytokine-driven inflammatory reactions. The dialysates often contain glucose. METHODS Autofluorescence of skin and ...

Angiogenesis plays a significant role in cancer by providing increased blood supply to the affected tissues and thus bringing in growth factors, cytokines, and various nutrients for tumor growth. VEGF is the most prominent angiogenic agent that is markedly induced in cancer. Induction of VEGF has been widely studied but as cancer cells are quite adept at acquiring new alternative processes to c...