Pulmonary fibrosis is a complex disease with high mortality and morbidity. As there are currently no effective treatments, development of new strategies is essential for improving therapeutic outcomes. S-allyl cysteine (SAC) is a constituent of aged garlic extract that has demonstrated efficacy as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. The current study examines the effects of SAC on pulmo...

PURPOSE Past studies have reported that S-allylcysteine (SAC) inhibits the migration and invasion of cancer cells through the restoration of E-cadherin, the reduction of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and Slug protein expression, and inhibition of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, evidence is emerging that shows that ROS induced by radiation could increase Met activa...

OBJECTIVE To review the process of blood-cell formation in the murine and human yolk sac. DATA SOURCES Most articles were selected from the PubMed database. DATA SYNTHESIS The yolk sac is the first site of blood-cell production during murine and human ontogeny. Primitive erythroid cells originate in the yolk sac and complete their maturation, including enucleation, in the bloodstream. Thoug...

alpha-fetoprotein producing gastric cancer accounts for less than 10% of the gastric adenocarcinomas. different histologic subtypes may exist, the least common of which is yolk sac morphology. to the best of our knowledge less than 10 cases have been reported with high alpha-fetoprotein and yolk sac components, either pure or mixed with ordinary adenocarcinoma of the stomach. during 10 years, f...

The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) arrests mitosis until bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to all chromosomes is accomplished. However, when spindle formation is prevented and the SAC cannot be satisfied, mammalian cells can eventually overcome the mitotic arrest while the checkpoint is still activated. We find that Aspergillus nidulans cells, which are unable to satisfy the SAC, in...

Spatial autocorrelation (SAC) is the dependence of a given variable’s values on the values of the same variable recorded at neighboring locations (Cliff and Ord 1973; Fortin and Dale 2005). When high values are associated with relatively high values at neighboring locations, SAC is said to be positive and, conversely, where high values correspond to relatively low values at neighboring location...

Background: Outbreak of bluetongue virus serotype-8 (BTV-8) infection in domestic ruminants in Northern Europe. Objective: To investigate the South American camelids’ (SAC) susceptibility to BTV-8 infection, their role in the epidemiology of the disease, and the use of currently available serological screening tests in SAC in an endemic region. Animals: Three hundred and fifty-four unvaccinated...

The female gametophyte of flowering plants, the embryo sac, develops within the diploid (sporophytic) tissue of the ovule. While embryo sac-expressed genes are known to be required at multiple stages of the fertilization process, the set of embryo sac-expressed genes has remained poorly defined. In particular, the set of genes responsible for mediating intracellular communication between the em...

Neighbourhood singleton arc consistency (NSAC) is a type of singleton arc consistency (SAC) in which the subproblem formed by variables adjacent to a variable with a singleton domain is made arc consistent. This paper describes two extensions to neighbourhood SAC. The first is a generalization from NSAC to k-NSAC, where k is the maximum length of the shortest path between the singleton variable...