Reports that “own rooted” Chandler walnuts (Chandler clone) out preformed grafted trees stimulated the creation of this replicated trial to investigate the performance of Chandler clone trees, Chandler clone grafted to Chandler clone rootstock, Chandler clone grafted to three selections of paradox rootstock and Chandler clone grafted to a vigorous English rootstock. Rootstock trees were planted...

Purpose: There currently is no guideline regarding amplification or verification for children with aural atresia. This population, with the absence of the ear canal, has obvious congenital hearing loss. Research suggests that delayed treatment for hearing loss can result in speech and language impairments, including poor performance in school. In this study we examined the relationship between ...

Here we genetically characterise pelvic finless, a naturally occurring model of hindlimb loss in zebrafish that lacks pelvic fin structures, which are homologous to tetrapod hindlimbs, but displays no other abnormalities. Using a hybrid positional cloning and next generation sequencing approach, we identified mutations in the nuclear localisation signal (NLS) of T-box transcription factor 4 (Tb...

To assess the potential role of autophagy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), lumbar spinal cords in a total of 19 sporadic ALS cases and 27 age-matched controls were investigated. Immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies to the markers of autophagy microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and p62 was performed on samples from 12 ALS and 15 controls. Electron microscopy was p...

Previous studies have indicated that volatile compounds specific to bladder cancer may exist in urine headspace, raising the possibility that headspace analysis could be used for diagnosis of this particular cancer. In this paper, we evaluate the use of a commercially available gas sensor array coupled with a specifically designed pattern recognition algorithm for this purpose. The best diagnos...

In this paper, the performance of 10 Gbps optical communication system with the dispersion managed RZ pulse has been reported. The return-to-zero (RZ) pulse is efficient for long-distance, high-bit-rate, wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) transmission dispersion-managed systems. In RZ pulse, the power is transmitted only for fraction of bit period. The effect of varying the dispersion parame...

Two months of treatment with rifampin-pyrazinamide (RZ) and 9 months of treatment with isoniazid are both recommended for treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in adults without human immunodeficiency virus infection, but the relative cost-effectiveness of these 2 treatments is unknown. We used a Markov model to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis to assess the impact on life expectancy ...

We propose a scheme to achieve regenerative format conversion from a distorted non-return-to-zero-on-off-keying (NRZ-OOK) signal to a return-to-zero-binary-phase-shift-keying (RZ-BPSK) signal of high quality in an integrated device. This proposal is achieved by employing an interferometer on a silicon chip with a coupled ring resonator optical waveguide embedded in one arm. In this scheme the a...

With the aim of determining whether grafting could improve salinity tolerance of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), and what characteristics of the rootstock were required to increase the salt tolerance of the shoot, a commercial tomato hybrid (cv. Jaguar) was grafted onto the roots of several tomato genotypes with different potentials to exclude saline ions. The rootstock effect was asses...

Rnf43 (RING finger protein 43) and Znrf3 (zinc/RING finger protein 3) (RZ) are two closely related transmembrane E3 ligases, encoded by Wnt target genes, that remove surface Wnt (wingless-int) receptors. The two genes are mutated in various human cancers. Such tumors are predicted to be hypersensitive to, yet still depend on, secreted Wnts. We previously showed that mutation of RZ in the intest...