A polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell with amorphous hydrated ruthenium dioxide (RuO2 " xH2O) supercapacitative sublayers inserted between the electrocatalyst layers and the Nafion membrane was fabricated to enhance the cell’s pulse power output. RuO2 " xH2O material showed a high capacitance ~ca. 230 F/g! and allowed a much higher pulse power output, which was demonstrated by cyclic voltamm...

The hard clam (meretrix lusoria) cultivated industry has been developed vigorously for recent years in Taiwan, and seawater quality determines the cultivated environment. The pH concentration variation affects survival rate of meretrix lusoria immediately. In order to monitor seawater quality, solid-state sensing electrode of ruthenium-doped titanium dioxide (TiO2:Ru) is developed to measure hy...

In carbon dioxide utilization by cyclometalated five-membered ring products, the following compounds are used in four types of applications: 1. 2-Phenylpyrazole iridium compounds, pincer phosphine iridium compounds and 2-phenylimidazoline iridium compounds are used as catalysts for both formic acid production from CO2 and H2, and hydrogen production from the formic acid. This formic acid can be...

The electrochemical oxidation of R ~ ( b p y ) ~ ~ + and Fe(bpy)32+ in liquid sulfur dioxide was investigated. Ru(bpy),2+ shows two oxidation waves corresponding to the 3+ (1.01 V) and 4+ (2.76 V) forms while Fe(bpy),*+ undergoes three oxidations to the 3+ (0 .70 V), 4+ (2.92 V), and 5+ ( -3 .09 V) forms. While the 3+ form is stable. for both compounds on a coulometric time scale, the higher ox...

Woolfolk, C. A. (University of Washington, Seattle) and H. R. Whiteley. Reduction of inorganic compounds with molecular hydrogen by Micrococcus lactilyticus. I. Stoichiometry with compounds of arsenic, selenium, tellurium, transition and other elements. J. Bacteriol. 84:647-658. 1962.-Extracts of Micrococcus lactilyticus (Veillonella alcalescens) oxidize molecular hydrogen at the expense of cer...

In this paper we focus upon the electron injection dynamics in complete nanocrystalline titanium dioxide dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) employing the ruthenium bipyridyl sensitizer dye N719. Electron injection dynamics and quantum yields are studied by time-resolved single photon counting, and the results are correlated with device performance. In typical DSSC devices, electron injection ki...

Because of its high electrical conductivity and good diffusion barrier properties ruthenium dioxide (RuO2) is a good electrode material for use with ferroelectric lead zirconate–titanate (PZT) solid solutions. Under certain conditions, RuO2 can react with PZT to form lead ruthenate (Pb2Ru2O6⋅5) during processing at elevated temperatures resulting in lead depletion from PZT. The standard Gibbs e...

We fabricated electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) cells having titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) as an electron injection layer (EIL). The EIL paste, which was spin-coated on a cathode substrate, annealed at three different temperatures of 250°C, 350°C, and 450°C. A tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) solution used emitter. ECL performances were significantly increased with the incr...

Due to the growing interest in dimethoxymethane (DMM) as formaldehyde synthon and fuel additive, new more efficient routes toward analog are being investigated. One approach is reductive transformation of carbon dioxide using a ruthenium phosphine catalyst Lewis acid additive methanol. In present work, we investigated underlying reaction network, consisting several intermediates, equilibria sid...