The law of armed conflict has often been described as outdated and ill suited to military conflicts in the twenty-first century. Both academics and practitioners have argued that today’s wars tend to be asymmetric conflicts between states and nonstate actors, whereas the law of armed conflict was made with a view to symmetrical interstate war. This article challenges that notion. T law of armed...

How can the West continue to shape international order without over-committing itself to ruinous and ambiguous operations on the scale of Iraq and Afghanistan? This article addresses this question by examining the failures of counterinsurgency in Afghanistan, and by outlining three alternatives for future engagements: the Libya model, the indirect approach, and contingency operations in support...

s from any particular notion of e ect (such as update of mutable references, or raising of exceptions). In this way, it is similar to modal logic which reasons about necessity and possibility, but abstracts from any particular collection of worlds. Benton, Biermann and de Paiva [BBdP98] showed that the computational -calculus is connected to lax logic via proof term assignment. We show the rele...