This paper provides a comprehensive view of household responses to insecurity by examining chances along the extensive and intensive margins of livelihoods during a conflict. In particular, it examines how insecurity affects both the choice of activities and the composition of associated livestock and crop portfolios. Uniquely, I rely on a sample of over 690,000 rural households, accounting for...

Links between the pond and surrounding land for horticulture is a distinctive feature of farming households in Bangladesh. It was hypothesised that the role of fishponds in integrated aquaculture systems has potential towards improving livelihoods and poverty alleviation. Rural and peri-urban settlements in Mymensingh District, Bangladesh were selected for assessing the importance and role of p...

For example, during the course of the livelihoods analysis conducted with poor people, it might become evident that they do not make use of public rural health centres. The reasons given by respondents may be that doctors are rarely present at the health centres and medicines are often lacking. This could be having several impacts, or results, on the livelihoods of the poor – they might be spen...

Globally, human activities have led to rapid mangrove degradation. In Vietnam, as across much of coastal South-east Asia, mangroves play a vital role in the livelihoods of coastal rural communities with relatively low levels of development. However, little is known about the precise impact of human activity on the ecosystem services underpinning these livelihoods. This paper analyses the liveli...

The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) acknowledges climate change as one of the factors affecting rural poverty and as one of the challenges it needs to address. While climate change is a global phenomenon, its negative impacts are more severely felt by poor people in developing countries who rely heavily on the natural resource base for their livelihoods. Agriculture and l...

Many coastal areas throughout the world are at risk from sea level rise and the increased intensity of extreme events such as storm surge and flooding. Simultaneously, many areas are also experiencing significant socio-economic challenges associated with rural-urban transitions, population growth, and increased consumption resulting from improving gross regional product. Within this context we ...

Since 2007, Northern Ghana has continuously experienced the double tragedy of droughts and floods which are manifestations of climate change. How these climate change manifestations are affecting livelihoods and social organisations of affected people and communities, especially the poor and vulnerable in Northern Ghana remains largely underestimated. This paper examines how climate change affe...

The peri-urban area is the region where there is a more dynamic interaction between the urban and rural. The peri-urban area supplies natural resources, such as land for urban expansion and agricultural products to feed the urban population. In arid and semi-arid lands, such as northern Mexico, these areas may also be the source of water for the city's domestic demand. In addition, scholars arg...

The Commercializing Renewable Energy in India (CREI) project is aimed at strengthening local entrepreneurial capacity for sustained commercial operation of rural energy enterprises that harness renewable energy technologies to service productive use applications in selected areas of southern Andhra Pradesh (AP), India. The distinguishing feature of this project is that it links the commercializ...

While energy infrastructure can contribute to economic development goals, they differ in potential to contribute to local livelihoods. In discussion of distributed energy scenarios and trade-offs it is important to consider the importance of rural energy access especially in a state where the total rural population is so significant. Scale and localized needs are important considerations in ene...