Sustainability of water supplies in remote rural communities is problematic and resource consuming. CARE has a long history of working hand in hand with remote rural communities and devising programs tailored to their needs. We present here an intervention that integrates development of water supplies and sanitation, with operation and maintenance skills development and training of health promo...

Long-term exposure to high level of fluoride can caused several adverse effects on human health including dental and skeletal fluorosis. We investigated all the drinking water source located in rural areas of Poldasht city, west Azerbaijan Province, North West Iran between 2014 and 2015. Fluoride concentration of water samples was measured by SPADNS method. We found that in the villages of Pold...

In November 2008, a case of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection was reported to the Brisbane Southside Public Health Unit. The case had participated in a school camp. Subsequent investigations confirmed 5 other asymptomatic cases among camp attendees or visitors. Examination of the camp water supply identified that most water sources had high levels of E. coli and did not me...

National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program collected or compiled data on ground water from 1926 private wells in rural areas across the United States from 1986 to 1999. These private wells, also called domestic wells, are owned and operated by the homeowners and provide water for household uses, including drinking, food preparation, watering lawns and gardens, bathing, and washing clothe...

Background and Purpose: Fluoride is a natural element essential for human nutrition due to its  benefits for dental enamel. It is well-documented that standard amounts of fluoride in drinkingwater can decrease the rate of dental caries. This study was conducted with the aim of measuring fluoride concentration of drinking-water supplies and urban distribution system in Qom, I...

BACKGROUND This study examined the relationship between the bacteriological contamination of drinking water from private wells and acute gastrointestinal illness (AGII), using current government standards for safe drinking water. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted using 235 households (647 individuals) randomly selected from four rural hamlets. Data were collected by means of a ...

The deterioration of drinking water quality following its collection from a community well or standpipe and during storage in the home has been well documented. However, there is a view that post-supply contamination is of little public health consequence. This paper explores the potential health risk from consuming re-contaminated drinking water. A conceptual framework of principal factors tha...

Risk related to the ingestion of any water contaminants depends on many factors, including the daily per capita amount of consumed water relative to body weight. This study explored the water consumption pattern of a rural arsenic-affected population in Bangladesh. The study findings are likely to contribute to the risk estimation attributable to ingestion of arsenic and other drinking water co...