To present up-to-date meta-analyses of evidence from Japan Background: relating smoking to major smoking-related diseases. We restricted attention to lung cancer, chronic obstructive Methods: pulmonary disease (COPD), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, considering relative risks (RRs) for current and ex-smokers relative to never smokers. Evidence by amount smoked and time quit was also c...

With the widespread use of Roundup Ready soya (event 40-3-2) (RRS), the traceability of transgenic components, especially protein residues, in different soya-related foodstuffs has become an important issue. In this report, transgenic components in commercial soya (including RRS) protein concentrates were firstly detected by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot. The results il...

Resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) is a non-invasive method of assessing carotenoid status in the skin, which has been suggested as an objective indicator of fruit/vegetable intake. The present study assessed agreement and identified predictors of single v. multiple RRS measures of skin carotenoid status. A total of seventy-four participants had their skin carotenoid status measured in the palm...

conclusions the effect of diabetes mellitus on stroke was more significant than on ihd, and the effect of high ldl-c level was more significant on ihd than on stroke, other risk factors, including hypertension, have similar rrs for ihd and stroke. health care professionals need more training regarding the rrs of these risk factors in the iranian society, and health decision makers should consid...

OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of Korean version of Ruminative Response Scale (K-RRS) for Korean adolescents. METHODS A community sample of 1220 adolescents was recruited from middle schools and high schools. Exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted, and additional analyses were performed to assess the reliability and validity of ...

ii No one, prophet, intellectual or evaluator, can claim to be in possession of the universal standpoint, that secret scientific key to truth. Ray Pawson & Nick Tilley Realistic Evaluation iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS During my doctoral studies I have received inspiration, encouragement, and support from many people. I would not have begun this journey without the love, support and patience of my family...

• Exploring of the discrimination power of deep-UV RRS (excitation below 260 nm). This offers higher sensitivity and reduces fluorescence interference, but results in a reduced spectral information content Nevertheless, we could discriminate pyrene derivatives based on their RRS spectra.. With state-of-the-art computational methods we could simulate RRS spectra using linearresponse time-depende...

1. The oscillation method for measuring total respiratory resistance (Rrs) is a simple method of assessing airway dimensions which can be applied in epidemiological surveys and potentially might be useful for detecting mild airway disease in smokers. However, it is not known whether abnormalities in Rrs are only present when there are also abnormalities in simple spirometric tests. 2. We have c...

BACKGROUND Focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST) is a method for prompt detection of the abdominal free fluid in patients with abdominal trauma. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to compare the diagnostic accuracy of FAST performed by emergency medicine residents (EMR) and radiology residents (RRs) in detecting peritoneal free fluids. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients triaged in...