extended abstract 1. introduction from about the 1950s, extraordinary growth of cities and increase of urban population have led to excessive growth of settlements in cities (muhallab taha, 2001(. this growth caused an unprecedented rise in land prices (zaheri & pour- mohammadi, 2006). land is an essential element in urban expansion and development (vander molen, 2002). therefore, quality and q...

One of the most challenging issues in modern-day building energy management involves equipping the buildings with more energy efficient facilities. In this paper, a hybrid system for cooling/heating for a residential building is developed and optimized. The system consists of a ground source heat pump (GSHP) as well as an electric chiller (EC) and boiler. The model is implemented in MATLAB ...

The refrigerant release technology relieves even eliminates the over-compression loss of scroll compressor by bypassing the refrigerant in the compression chamber to the suction pipe under small system pressure ratio conditions. Because the room air conditioner works in mild conditions at most of the time, its seasonal energy performance is expected to be effectively improved by the refrigerant...

More than 90 percent of people in developed countries do live and work in closed and confined places; offices and residential buildings. This is why in this new world more fresh air which is generally provided by forced ventilation plays a vital role in living of human being. Furthermore due to exiting of different indoor pollutants, like radon and a lot of artificial pollutants, the amount of ...

OBJECTIVE There is no safe level of secondhand tobacco-smoke exposure, and no previous studies have explored multiunit housing as a potential contributor to secondhand tobacco-smoke exposure in children. We hypothesized that children who live in apartments have higher cotinine levels than those who live in detached homes, when controlling for demographics. METHODS We analyzed data from the 20...

INTRODUCTION: A "MONDE RENVERSE" Between its foundation by Sultan Mehemmed the Conqueror (reg. 1451-81) and its abandonment in the middle of the nineteenth century, the Saray, the Palace in Constantinople, served for more than 400 years not only as the residence of the Ottoman Sultans and their royal household, but also as the seat of their imperial rule. More than that, it determined the impri...

We study BPS domain wall solutions of 5-dimensional N = 2 supergravity where isometries of the hypermultiplet geometry have been gauged. We derive the corresponding supersymmetric flow equations and define an appropriate c-function. As an example we discuss a domain wall solution of Freedman, Gubser, Pilch and Warner which is related to a RG-flow in a dual superconformal field theory.