In the face of global competition, the requirement for dimensional accuracy, mechanical properties and surface properties has become a major challenge on aluminum manufacturing industries. Conventional rolling force formulas, however, provide not more than reasonably exact approximations. The mathematical modeling of the hot rolling process has long been recognized to be a desirable approach to...

Temperature is the main process variable needed for every operation in hot rolling process for all value addition activity and can be considered as main variable also to control pollution.. It is a tool for the steel hot rolling plant to improve profitability, environment and productivity by controlling the process energy balance by its sequences optimization. In the steel rolling plant the imp...

Rebuilding depleted fish stocks is an international policy goal and a 2020 Aichi target under the Convention on Biological Diversity. However, stock productivity may shift with future climate change, with unknown consequences for sustainable harvesting, biomass targets and recovery timelines. Here we develop a stochastic modelling framework to characterize variability in the intrinsic productiv...

The decrease in hot strength or even rolling load as strain increases in some stands of the finishing hot strip mill with no metallurgical reasons is a relatively common event. Apparently this fact is associated with modification in the tribological conditions between rolling stock and work roll surfaces due to unexpected interactions with scale. The aim of this work was to determine the values...

1872 marked the start of commercial railway operations in Japan, nearly half a century after railways had started in the UK. However, electric railways did not appear until 1890 at an exhibition held in Ueno, 10 years after the start in Europe but only 2 years after Frank J. Sprague (1857–1934) started running electric streetcars in Richmond, USA, in 1888, which triggered the rapid spread of el...