in this paper, evaluation of torsional stiffness in beam and slab bridge deck elements is presented. a beam and slab bridge decks structurally behave as a grillage. a grillage has an efficient transverse load distribution due to transverse asymmetric load. in the case of bridge deck without transverse beams in the span, transverse load distribution depends on the torsional stiffness of longitud...

Recent experimental research has shown that ordinary unbounded steel reinforced elastomeric bearings (SREBs) can be considered as an attractive cost-effective option for the seismic isolation of highway bridges. To further investigate its benefits, the current study is focused on the seismic risk assessment of an optimally designed highway bridge isolated by SREB system. A typical three-span hi...

Background: Distal tibia fractures are among the most common bony injuries, with a significant rate of nonunion anddelayed union. There are multiple methods for the management of distal tibia fractures. Among the plating methods,there are bridge plating and compression plating techniques. There is still a lack of evidence about whether one methodhas a higher rate of union than...

No prior research has documented the different types of rock coatings in Yosemite Valley, despite the evident black streaks down Yosemite Falls, the light granitic rock exposed by recent rock falls contrasting with dark rock coatings, and the millions of visitors who have photographed the coated rocks of Yosemite. This paper identifies the types of rock coatings found on Half Dome, in Yosemite ...

Introduction: We have completed analysis of a new near-field rock count at the Mars Pathfinder landing site and determined that the previously published [1,2] rock count suggesting 16 % cumulative fractional area (CFA) covered by rocks is incorrect. The earlier value is not so much wrong (our new CFA is 20%), as right for the wrong reason: both the old and the new CFA’s are consistent with remo...

We introduce a new class of edge labelings for locally finite lattices which we call SB-labelings. We prove for finite lattices which admit an SB-labeling that each open interval has the homotopy type of a ball or of a sphere of some dimension. Natural examples include the weak order, the Tamari lattice, and the finite distributive lattices.

Discontinuities mainly control the mechanical behavior of rock mass and cause a significant reduction in strength. Joint persistency joint infill conditions are considered most parameters that response mass. In this study, numerical statistical analyses were performed on pre-cracked specimens with two flaws to investigate effect persistence shear addition, an extensive study was conducted explo...