Activities of clarithromycin alone and in combination with rifampicin, gatifloxacin or linezolid were evaluated against Mycobacterium kansasii in a murine infection model. Clarithromycin was the most active single agent. Rifampicin and gatifloxacin had similar activities, but were less active than clarithromycin. Clarithromycin in combination with rifampicin was the most active combination ther...

The effects of rifampicin treatment on SULT2A1 mRNA expression were evaluated in 23 preparations of primary cultured human hepatocytes. In contrast to the consistently occurring induction of CYP3A4, a prototypical pregnane X receptor (PXR) target gene, rifampicin treatment increased SULT2A1 mRNA levels in 12 of the hepatocyte preparations, but it produced little change or even suppression in th...

INTRODUCTION Rifampicin is one of the most effective antibiotics for treating tuberculosis, but it has been associated with adverse reactions, such as nephrotoxicity, sometimes resulting in acute renal failure with oligoanuria, and hepatotoxicity. Although deterioration of renal function, determined by acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and/or acute tubular necrosis, typically appears in patien...

The emergence of multi-drug resistant-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB), especially the Rifampicin-dependent (R-) MDR-TB, has become a hot issue. To elucidate the potential mechanism that rifampicin-dependent MDR-TB (latent infection) utilizes for its long-term survival, we studied the morphology and L-form growth pattern of rifampicin-dependent MDR-TB. Rifampicin-dependent MDR-TB was isolate...

mentia development if they had been under antileprosy The aggregation of -synuclein in dopaminergic neutreatment with dapsone or rifampicin (Figure 1) and rons of the substantia nigra is a critical step in the closely related drugs for the preceding several years pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. We show that [22, 23]. For example, it has been shown that the overall the antibiotic rifampicin...

Patients on dialysis have an increased incidence of tuberculosis (TB). Rifampicin, a first-line antitubercular therapy (ATT) drug, is a potent inducer of hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP). There is potential for pharmacokinetic interaction between rifampicin and anti-hypertensives that are CYP substrates: amlodipine and metoprolol. Therefore, hypertensive patients receiving rifampicin-based ATT are...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to assess the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of ceftriaxone, vancomycin and rifampicin alone and combined against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 51916 (MIC of ceftriaxone: 32 mg/L). METHODS In vitro killing curves were performed with clinically achievable CSF antibiotic concentrations. In the rabbit model of pneumococcal meningitis, we studied the efficacy of...

The purpose of this study was to develop a mechanistic pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model to describe the effects of rifampicin on hepatic Cyp3a11 RNA, enzymatic activity, and triazolam pharmacokinetics. Rifampicin was administered to steroid and xenobiotic X receptor (SXR) humanized mice at 10 mg/kg p.o. (every day for 3 days) followed by triazolam (4 mg/kg p.o.) 24 h after the last...

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes (DM) is a strong risk factor for tuberculosis (TB) and is associated with a slower response to TB treatment and a higher mortality rate. Because lower concentrations of anti-TB drugs may be a contributing factor, we compared the pharmacokinetics of rifampicin in patients with TB, with and without DM. METHODS Seventeen adult Indonesian patients with TB and DM and 17 ...

Methods: Two different capsule formulations of these drugs were prepared. Formulation-I contains immediate release uncoated pellets of Rifampicin and Isoniazid. Formulation-IIcontains immediate release pellets of Rifampicin and enteric coated pellets of Isoniazid. These pellets were evaluated for various physicochemical parameters. Enteric coating was mainly done to prevent the release of Isoni...