A 21-year-old Japanese man who was a professional bicycle motocross rider injured his perineum during a competition. Chief complaints were gross hematuria, perineal pain, and subcutaneous ecchymosis of the scrotum. Urethrocystography revealed a torn bulbar urethra and extravasation in the same region. Scrotal ultrasonography revealed small calcifications in the bilateral testes. Here, we report...

It is well known that skilled bicycle riders can balance and propel themselves forward using motions of the handlebar. We present the complete nonlinear dynamics and control of such a pedal-less bicycle with a rider. Propulsion is achieved not by pedaling but by a cyclic motion of the steering axis of the bicycle. It is shown that this kind of actuation results in net forward motion of the bicy...

BACKGROUND Snowboard cross (SBX) became an official Olympic sport in 2006. This discipline includes manoeuvring several obstacles while competing in heats. It is common for the riders to collide, making this sport both exciting and at risk of injuries. Although a recent study from the 2010 Olympic Games has shown that the injury risk was high, little is known about the injury mechanisms. OBJE...

This qualitative study explored how riders perceive and understand the relationship with their horse. Participants included ten elite female a mean age of 40.6 years, five whom competed in Eventing Dressage an average 30.9 years’ competitive experience, chosen horses (mean age: 11.8 years). The duration for between horse rider was 6.8 years. Each rider–horse combination completed flatwork train...

Ranking trait was used as a selection criterion for competition horses to estimate racing performance. In the literature the most common approaches to estimate breeding values are the linear or threshold statistical models. However, recent studies have shown that a Thurstonian approach was able to fix the race effect (competitive level of the horses that participate in the same race), thus sugg...

OBJECTIVE To digitally model (three-dimensional, 3D) the course of the pudendal arteries relative to the bony pelvis in the adult male, and to identify sites of compression with different bicycle riding positions as a potential cause of penile hypoxia and erectile dysfunction. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 3D models were made from computed tomography scans of one adult male pelvis (a healthy volunteer...

We present a haptic interface to help deafblind people to practice horse riding as a recreational and therapeutic activity. Horseback riding is a form of therapy which can improve self-esteem and sensation of independence. It has been shown to benefit people with various medical conditions including autism. However, in the case of deafblind riders an interpreter must stand by at all times to co...