Residue management in cropping systems is useful to improve soil quality. However, the studies on the effects of residue management on methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from paddy field in southern China are few. Therefore, the emissions of CH4 and N2O were investigated in double cropping rice (Oryza sativa L.) systems with different winter covering crops using the static chamber-g...

With the growing recognition of the possibility of global climate change, an increasing emphasis on world food security in general and its regional impacts in particular have come to forefront of the scientific community. Agriculture production of rainfed regions is expected to suffer severe water crisis due to delayed monsoon, uneven distribution of rain as a result of climate change. The impa...

The mechanism associated with improvement of soil nutritional status by oilseed rape crop, leading to better performance of rice crop, in rice-oilseed rape cropping systems is little known. The present study was aimed to test the hypothesis that earthworm casts produced during oilseed rape-growing season have positive effects on grain yield and fertilizer nitrogen (N) utilization in the subsequ...

Red rice is a troublesome weed in rice-growing areas of the southern U.S. Red rice in Arkansas may be diverse enough to warrant some adjustments in weed control programs. A study was conducted at the Rice Research and Extension Center (RREC), Stuttgart, Ark., in 2003 to determine the phenotypic diversity of red rice in Arkansas. One hundred thirty-six red rice accessions were collected from 26 ...

Wheat (729.8 million tons) is second to rice as the main human food crop (FAO, 201415). In India, wheat is cultivated extensively in North-Western and Central zones. The area, production and productivity of wheat in India and Haryana during 2014-15 is 31.46 mha, 86.53 mt, 2749 kg ha -1 and 2.60 mha, 10.35 mt, 3980 kg ha -1 , respectively (Anonymous, 2014-15). Late sowing of wheat is a major pro...

the objectives of this study was to estimation of greenhouse gases (ghg) emissions and global warming in rice production and identify measures to reducing fossil energy use and greenhouse gases emissions. three rice production systems included sri, improved and conventional were studied. all activities, field operation and data in production methods and differents inputs rates were monitored an...

Increasing demand for food, driven by unprecedented population growth and increasing consumption, will keep challenging food security in China. Although cereal yields have substantially improved during the last three decades, whether it will keep thriving to meet the increasing demand is not known yet. Thus, an integrated analysis on the trends of crop yield and cultivated area is essential to ...

Cereal grains, such as corn, wheat, rice, and sorghum, are grown and processed into a wide variety of ingredients for animal and human food uses. The focus of this chapter will be on corn and wheat, but other cereals have significance in global processing and human nutrition. For example, rice is grown throughout Asia and the Pacific Rim and is primarily consumed with the endosperm intact. Rice...

Climate-induced crop yields model projections are constrained by the accuracy of the phenology simulation in crop models. Here, we use phenology observations from 775 trials with 19 rice cultivars in 5 Asian countries to compare the performance of four rice phenology models (growing-degree-day (GDD), exponential, beta and bilinear models) when applied to warmer climates. For a given cultivar, t...

Rice is a staple food source for more than three billion people worldwide. However, rice is vulnerable to diseases, the most destructive among them being rice blast, which is caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (anamorph Pyricularia oryzae). This fungus attacks rice plants at all stages of development, causing annual losses of approximately 10-30% in various rice producing regions. Syntheti...