M.J. Adkesson, R.E. Junge, M.C. Allender & T. Martïín-Jiménez Pharmacokinetics of a long-acting ceftiofur crystalline-free acid formulation in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) American Journal of Veterinary Research 73 (2012) 1512-1518 Abstract. Objective—To determine the pharmacokinetics of a long-acting formulation of ceftiofur, ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (CCFA), following SC injection ...

In order to test the suitability of the horse as a nutritional model for elephants, digestibility studies were performed with six captive Asian elephants on six different dietary regimes, using the double marker method with acid detergent lignin as an internal and chromium oxide as an external digestibility marker. Elephants resembled horses in the way dietary supplements and dietary crude fibr...

Elephants use different thermoregulatory mechanisms that depend on the anatomical and morphological characteristics of species. The crevices wrinkles skin enhance water-retention capacity epidermis. highly vascularized ear is another region particular interest, as its movement vasomotor changes promote heat dissipation. Generally, these are modulated by hypothalamic center peripheral response a...