Renal ammonia excretion is the predominant component of renal net acid excretion. The majority of ammonia excretion is produced in the kidney and then undergoes regulated transport in a number of renal epithelial segments. Recent findings have substantially altered our understanding of renal ammonia transport. In particular, the classic model of passive, diffusive NH3 movement coupled with NH4+...

Abstract Study question Could dual trigger increase oocyte yield and maturation rate in women of advanced maternal age (≥ 40) undergoing IVF? Summary answer Dual does not result higher or rates compared to hCG monotrigger What is known already Advanced related poor ovarian response (POR) remains a major therapeutic challenge routine IVF practice, because the association with low live birth high...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Uric acid nephrolithiasis is prevalent among patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome; it is correlated with an acidic urine and lower urinary ammonium excretion and is likely associated with insulin resistance. Insulin stimulates ammoniagenesis in renal cell lines via increased phosphate-dependent glutaminase (PDG) activity and glutamine metabolism. Ammonium excreti...

Background: Urinary human chorionic gonadotropin is the most widely used medicine for ovulation in ovarian stimulation cycles. Recently however, recombinant HCG has also become commercially available. This study presents compare the use of recombinant hCG with urinary hCG during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and intra uterine insemination (COH-IUI ) cycles Materials and Methods: This is s...

STUDY QUESTION Which genes and molecular mechanisms are involved in the human ovulatory cascade and final oocyte maturation? SUMMARY ANSWER Up-regulated genes in granulosa cells (GC) represented inflammation, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix, growth factors and genes previously associated with ovarian cancer, while down-regulated genes mainly represented cell cycle and proliferation. WHAT...