In this article, we are interested in investigating the nonlocal nonlinear reaction–diffusion system with final conditions. This problem is called backward time problem, or terminal value which understood as redefining previous distributions when distribution data at observation known. There three main goals presented paper. First, prove that ill-posed (often unstable property) sense of Hadamar...

Concurrent reversibility has been studied in different areas, such as biological or dependable distributed systems. However, only “rigid” reversibility has been considered, allowing to go back to a past state and restart the exact same computation, possibly leading to divergence. In this paper, we present croll-π, a concurrent calculus featuring flexible reversibility, allowing the specificatio...

Time reversibility plays an important role in the analysis of continuous and discrete time Markov chains (DTMCs). Specifically, the computation of the stationary distribution of a reversible Markov chain has been proved to be very efficient and does not require the solution of the system of global balance equations. A DTMC is reversible when the processes at forward and reversed time are probab...

The reversibility of boronic acid and diol interaction makes it an ideal candidate for the design of self-assembled molecular structures. Reversibility is required to ensure that the thermodynamically most stable structure is formed. Reversibility also ensures that any errors produced during the assembly process are not permanent.

Recent studies with cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes from the 2E and 2B subfamilies have shed light on what may be a new trend in the mechanism-based inactivation of P450s: reversibility. The reversible inactivation of P450-type enzymes was first reported in the mid-1990s by Dexter and Hager [Dexter AF and Hager LP (1995) J Am Chem Soc 117:817-818], who studied the transient heme N-alkylation of ...

In this work, the precipitation and re-dissolution of asphaltenes were studied for an Iranian relatively heavy crude oil. A series of experiments were designed and carried out to quantitatively examine the reversibility of asphaltenes precipitation upon the change in the solvent concentration along with the temperature. n-Heptane was used as the precipitant, and a temperature range of 30 to...

Five normal and five asthmatic subjects underwent a progressive methacholine provocation study. At each concentration inspiratory pulmonary resistance (RL) was measured, as well as isovolumic maximal flow and residual volume from both partial and complete forced expirations. Results were compared over the RL range of 6-11 cmH2O.1-1.S-1. The reversibility of bronchoconstriction by deep inspirati...