OBJECTIVE This study quantified professional athletes' endorsement of food and beverages, evaluated the nutritional quality of endorsed products, and determined the number of television commercial exposures of athlete-endorsement commercials for children, adolescents, and adults. METHODS One hundred professional athletes were selected on the basis of Bloomberg Businessweek's 2010 Power 100 ra...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT There is no documented information indicating time for return to play after lumbar discectomy in professional and Olympic athletes. PURPOSE To determine the rate of return to sport and the average time of recovery in elite athletes undergoing microscopic lumbar discectomy (MLD). STUDY DESIGN Between 1984 and 1998, the senior author performed 60 MLDs on 59 professional and...

This study explored the philanthropic landscape of professional athletes and their charitable foundations. This research also investigated factors influencing the formation of philanthropic foundations among this group of individuals. First, data were collected to identify athletes in four professional North American sport leagues who had formed charitable foundations. Then, 36 interviews were ...

For many high-performance athletes, competing in the Olympic Games is a major goal. Achieving this goal requires more than ever substantial investments of time and personal resources towards sports career over several years. Thus, some athletes neglect other areas life (e.g. education), which can pose problem for after sport, while pursue dual career. Previous studies have shown that former ach...

OBJECTIVE To assess the outcome of athletes returning to contact sport with indwelling fracture implants. METHOD A retrospective analysis of professional rugby union players competing in the South Wales premier league. RESULTS Fifteen athletes were identified who had returned to competitive rugby union with retained fracture implants during the period 1990-97. After fracture fixation, the p...

BACKGROUND By providing sports organizations with electronic records and instruments that can be accessed at any time or place, specialized care can be offered to athletes regardless of injury location, and this makes the follow-up from first aid through to full recovery more efficient. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop an electronic personal health record for professional Irani...