background: ccl22 is a chemokine that induces the migration of th2- and regulatory t cells to the inflammatory sites. the aim of this study was to investigate the association of a single nucleotide polymorphism (snp), rs4359426, in ccl22 gene, with multiple sclerosis (ms) in patients from southeast of iran. materials and methods: the blood samples collected from 150 patients with ms and 150 hea...

identification and transfer of desirable genes from wild relatives to crop species is one of the breeding solutions for producing resistance to pathogens and pests. this study was conducted to evaluate crossability and the response to pythium ultimum in three species of the genus carthamus. to assess response to the pathogen, eight safflower (carthamus tinctorius l) genotypes, two ecotypes of c...

Mutans streptococci (MS) are key organisms associated with the etiology of dental caries. Using probabilities that were tested by oversampling, we designed this study to determine the minimal number of MS isolates from an individual required to evaluate diversity of genotypes. MS isolates were genotyped by repetitive extragenic palindromic-polymerase chain-reaction (rep-PCR). Analysis of 20 iso...

water shortage and its consumption resulted in development of a suitable rice cultivation system which use less water. therefore, this preliminary research was carried out to study the possibility of coversion of irrigated system of rice cultivation to aerobic. we tested 61 aerobic rice genotypes, in which were developed at international rice research institute (irri), together with 3 diverse l...

Background: One of the limitations in the treatment of common diseases such as cancer chemotherapy is development of multidrug re‌sistance (MDR). Polymorphisms could alter the expression level of MDR1 gene, which plays an important role in MDR. In this research, the frequency of C3435T, C1236T, and G2677T/A polymorphisms of MDR1 gene was investigated in a large group of population from Hamadan ...