respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants,and also an important factor for hospitalization during the winter months. to determine the prevalence and importance of rsv as a cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection, we carried out a prospective study during 5 months period from november to march 1998 in 6 pediatric hospitals. a n...

In emission tomography imaging, respiratory motion causes artifacts in lungs and cardiac reconstructed images, which lead to misinterpretations, imprecise diagnosis, impairing of fusion with other modalities, etc. Solutions like respiratory gating, correlated dynamic PET techniques, list-mode data based techniques and others have been tested, which lead to improvements over the spatial activity...

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) refers to sleep-related hypoventilation with repetitive episodes of complete and partial obstructions of the upper airway. 1 Some fi nesse is required to determine the appropriate ventilator settings to prevent such episodes, which can alter the effi cacy of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV). In a recent article in CHEST (January 2013), Cont...

Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as the primary mode of respiratory support in preterm neonates with respiratory distress is associated with reduced needs of surfactant therapy and invasive ventilation, and improved survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia [1,2]. Despite convincing evidence of benefits, use and success rate of CPAP remain variable across different neonatal un...

Introduction Spontaneous breathing during mechanical ventilation is still controversial. It is well known that incongruous patterns of mechanical ventilation can trigger or exacerbate lung injury. NAVA is a mode of mechanical ventilation that delivers ventilatory assist in proportion to the Electrical activity of the Diaphragm (EDi), which mirrors the performance of the whole respiratory system...

A 73-year-old man with ARDS-multiple organ failure due to Chlamydia psittaci, was successively supported with conventional respiratory techniques. After 48 hours of no clinical improvement, HFV was superimposed to CMV in order to combine the advantages of each one. Since improvement has been seen in all ventilatory parameters, this method is suggested as another mode of ventilation for patients...

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is a method of respiratory support that is commonly used for the management of a wide range of causes of respiratory failure, both within and without the intensive care unit (ICU). This review will discuss the advantages of this mode of ventilation over more traditional methods, its indications and contra-indications and the equipment required, as well as reviewin...

Spirituality is increasingly recognised as an important factor in health and coping with illness. This article discusses the relevance of spirituality to medical practice, the understanding of spirituality and the implications to clinical practice, in terms of recognising spiritual distress, ethical arguments of providing spiritual care, and the approaches to managing spiritual distress.

Introduction Proportional assist ventilation (PAV+) is a partial ventilatory support mode delivering airway pressure (Paw) in proportion to patient effort, enhancing patient-ventilator interactions. The ventilator estimates muscular pressure by using the respiratory system equation of motion with the instantaneous volume (V) and flow (V ́) and the automatically calculated compliance and resistan...

In the current review, PubMed, Web Science, Science Direct, and Scopus were searched to investigate medicinal plants which contracted or relaxed respiratory, gastrointestinal, vascular uterine smooth muscles with emphasis on their mode of action.