Use of an inspiratory impedance valve has recently been shown to increase the efficacy of standard and active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We evaluated the effects of a prototypic impedance valve on the relationship between the active decompression and intra-thoracic pressure using a mechanical model lung system. Intermittent impedance to inspiratory flow of respirat...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related pulmonary disorders specifically airway abnormalities and interstitial pneumonia (IP) are important extra-articular manifestations. The forced oscillation technique (FOT) is a useful method to assess respiratory impedance, respiratory resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs), at different oscillatory frequencies during tidal breathing. The aim of this study was to ...

This paper presents the measurement, frequency-response modeling and identification, and the corresponding impulse time response of the human respiratory impedance and admittance. The investigated adult patient groups were healthy, diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and kyphoscoliosis, respectively. The investigated children patient groups were healthy, diagnosed with asthma a...

Inflation of the leg compartments of pneumatic trousers increases thoracic blood volume. The resultant response in respiratory impedence was investigated in nine normal volunteers, and compared with the response to increasing doses of inhaled carbachol. Respiratory impedance was measured by the forced oscillation technique (4-32 Hz), and respiratory resistance at zero frequency (R0) was extrapo...

The airflow perturbation device (APD) is an instrument for the measurement of respiratory resistance. The APD is small, lightweight, fast and requires no special breathing manoeuvres. Airflow perturbation determines resistance by superimposing a periodic signal onto spontaneous breathing with a variable resistance device. Respiratory impedance is the ratio of magnitude of pressure perturbation ...

Impedance Cardiography (ICG) is a noninvasive technique for monitoring stroke volume, cardiac output and other hemodynamic parameters, which is based on sensing the change of thoracic electrical impedance caused by blood volume change in aorta during the cardiac cycle. Motion artifact and respiratory artifact can lead to baseline drift in ICG signal, particularly during or after exercise, which...

Background Forced oscillation technique (FOT) measures respiratory impedance by applying external pressures to the respiratory system and makes it possible to evaluate various aspect of airway physiology including small airways. MasterScreen IOS (IOS) has been widely utilized as a FOT. Recently, a new FOT, Mostgraph, has been available in Japan. Clinical experience including reference values of...

In this issue of Sleep and Hypnosis, Erler et al., compare the reliability of thoracic impedance and inductive pletismography to assess respiratory movements. Respiratory efforts and chest wall/abdominal expansions are usually recorded as changes in pneumatic bellows, strain gauges or respiratory inductive plethysmographic (RIP) waveforms. RIP is a noninvasive method, directly related to tidal ...