events of september the 11 and then us invasion of iraq resulted in wide formal and substantial alterations in political and security equilibriums of the middle east. by eliminating sadam hussein, us was trying to engineer a new government and power structure in iraq, within which the nature of a new constitution is considerably important. the author believes that the method of the approval of ...

the fivefold elements of elegy which has come from classical arabic criticism has special place in hoboubi,s poem.hoboubi, like his other contemporaries, insisted on using these elements and applied their rules and regulations on the basis of the former critics,s ideas in his poem well and nicely. he believed that the elements of the ancient poem are valuable heritage in literature which is rem...

BACKGROUND Military fatalities occur in clusters, and causes differ between theatres of operation or within-theatre over time. AIM Based on around 500 coalition deaths, identify major causes in Iraq and Afghanistan. For consecutive periods (1: May 1 to September 17, 2006, 2: September 18, 2006 to February 4, 2007), ascertain UK and others' numbers deployed to compare fatality rates per 1000-p...

Hydatid disease is an important zoonotic disease with a worldwide distribution. In the Middle East, as well as in some other parts of the world, it has always been a serious economic and public health problem. The disease is endemic and enzootic in Iraq. In Iraq, the disease is caused by Echinococcus granulosus but a multilocular hydatid cyst of E. multilocularis has been recovered from the liv...

this article wants to clarify a new narration of iran-iraq war political nature. other narrations generally have had a strategic-political view on iran-iraq war. although this present narration has a strategic and realistic view too, it doesn't consider this kind of view enough for a comprehensive explanation of different aspects of the war. it refers to the confrontation of faith and forc...

In August 1990, Saddam Hussein's army invaded Kuwait and consequently the United Nations imposed economic sanctions on Iraq. In 1991, an international military alliance expelled the Iraqi army from Kuwait during a short war. Nevertheless, the economic sanctions remained in place-their removal required that Iraq should destroy its weapons of mass destruction. Subsequent years saw reports of acut...

1National Tuberculosis Programme Manager, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq. 2Department of Community Medicine, Saddam College of Medicine, Baghdad, Iraq. 3Chest and Respiratory Diseases Institute, Baghdad, Iraq. ABSTRACT A cross-sectional study was made of 500 patients and 500 health care workers randomly selected from 250 primary health care centres throughout Iraq to evaluate knowledge, atti...

World Health Organization has recommended all countries to introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) in routine immunization schedule, especially those countries with higher rate of mortality in children. However, Islamic Republic of Iran and more than 50 other countries including Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Belarus, Belize, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brunei Darussalam, Cabo V...

in this paper we try to give a description of the juridical status of religious minorities, muslim or otherwise, in the constitution of the islamic republic of iran. we also deal with the question of whether non-muslim minorities are free to perform their religious practices and the extent of their freedom.

several differing figures exist pertaining to the boarders and boundaries of the islamic republic of iran, with different computed areas. therefore, based on the geographical forces, mission and organization, with the aim of preventing any disagreements, taking relative consensus, scientific literature, research and development into consideration, it is proposed for the first time to determine ...