Twenty-eight tidal creeks were sampled along the South Carolina coast in the summer of 1995 to determine the levels of sediment trace metal contamination associated with different types and varying levels of human development in their watersheds. The particle size and total organic carbon (TOC) content of creek sediments in developed watersheds (i.e., industrial, urban, and suburban) were simil...

Introduction The impacts of watershed deforestation on lacustrine environments can dramatically affect the productivity of the littoral zone and strongly influence sedimentation rates. Many watersheds flowing into Lake Tanganyika (3°18’8°47’S, 29°05’ 31°18’E) from northern Kigoma region, Tanzania are currently experiencing the effects of deforestation to accommodate high human population densit...

Water quality regulation and litigation have elevated the awareness and need for quantifying water quality and source contributions in watersheds across the USA. In the present study, the regression method, which is typically applied to large (perennial) rivers, was evaluated in its ability to estimate constituent loads (NO(3)-N, total N, PO(4)-P, total P, sediment) on three small (ephemeral) w...

Future climate and land-use changes and growing human populations may reduce the abundance of water resources relative to anthropogenic and ecological needs in the Northeast and Midwest (U.S.). We used output from WaSSI, a water accounting model, to assess potential changes between 2010 and 2060 in (1) anthropogenic water stress for watersheds throughout the Northeast and Midwest and (2) native...

This study applies the observation of alignment between geographical watersheds and linguistic groupings to the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas. Tournadre (2014) estimates 220 Tibetic language varieties in 25 major groupings, sharing a common linguistic ancestry. Typological groupings can be readily identified through mapping human settlements to watersheds. For areas that have yet to be rese...

We study the watersheds in edge-weighted graphs. Contrarily to previous works, we define the watersheds following the intuitive idea of drops of water flowing on a topographic surface. We establish the consistency (with respect to characterizations of the catchment basins and dividing lines) of these watersheds, prove their optimality (in terms of minimum spanning forests) and derive a linear-t...

This study was conducted to determine if the Agricultural Policy/Environmental Extender (APEX) model could reasonably replicate the effects of silvicultural practices on streamflow and loading of sediments and nutrients. APEX was modified to enhance factors associated with forestry conditions such as rainfall interception by canopy, litter, subsurface flow, nutrient movement, and routing enrich...

Experimental replication of watersheds of substantial size is impractical; it is impossible to achieve uniformity of topographic, edaphic, and physiographic conditions in such watersheds. Some other approach to the development of experimental error is needed if it is necessary to apply parametric statistical tests in this situation. We tackled this question with a study design that used time, r...

Structures of tree topology are frequently encountered in nature and in a range of scientific domains. In this paper, a multi-step framework is presented to classify tree topologies introducing the idea of elastic matching of their sequence encodings. Initially, representative sequences of the branching topologies are obtained using node labeling and tree traversal schemes. The similarity betwe...