Seizures, including electrically induced seizures (ECS), activate the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in rats. The present studies were undertaken to characterize the effects of repeated ECS on hormone release and brain adrenal steroid receptors. Repeated ECS led to an increase in adrenal weight, an increase in the corticosterone response to the eighth seizure compared to the first sei...

In many alcoholics, the severity of withdrawal symptoms increases after repeated withdrawal episodes. This exacerbation may be attributable to a kindling process. Kindling is a phenomenon in which a weak electrical or chemical stimulus, which initially causes no overt behavioral responses, results in the appearance of behavioral effects, such as seizures, when it is administered repeatedly. Bot...

Epilepsy is a condition that affects the brain and causes repeated seizures. Epilepsy is the second most common neurological disorder, affecting 0.6–0.8% of the world’s population. In this neurological disorder, abnormal activity of the brain causes seizures, the nature of which tend to be sudden. The cells in the brain, known as neurons, conduct electrical signals and communicate with each oth...

Epilepsy is a brain disorder in which a person has repeated seizures over time. A seizure is a sudden change in the electrical and chemical activity in the brain. A single seizure that does not happen again is NOT epilepsy. Most children with epilepsy live a normal life. Certain types of childhood epilepsy go away or improve with age, usually in the late teens or 20s. Nearly 80% of people with ...

UNLABELLED Myocardial infarction (MI) has been rarely reported in association with seizures, and only of convulsive type. METHODS We describe a series of five patients observed over a 4-year period, who presented MI immediately following seizures, either convulsive or nonconvulsive. RESULTS Patient 1 had pre-existent coronary disease (CD) and presented multiple focal nonconvulsive seizures....

The aims of the present work were to investigate the effects of the repeated administration of Parawixin2 (2-amino-5-ureidopentanamide; formerly FrPbAII), a novel GABA and glycine uptake inhibitor, in rats submitted to PTZ-induced kindling. Wistar rats were randomly divided in groups (n=6-8) for different treatments. Systemic injections of PTZ were administered every 48 h in the dose of 33 mg/k...

PURPOSE Whether repeated brief seizures can cause neuronal damage is controversial. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) total tau (T-tau) and phosphorylated tau (P-tau) measurements have been suggested for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, and T-tau may also be a marker of axonal damage and neuronal degeneration. We studied T-tau and P-tau levels and P-tau/T-tau ratio in CSF after epileptic seizures ...

Identifying the genetic basis of epilepsy in humans is difficult due to its complexity, thereby underlying the need for preclinical models with specific aspects of seizure susceptibility that are tractable to genetic analyses. In the repeated-flurothyl model, mice are given 8 flurothyl-induced seizures, once per day (the induction phase), followed by a 28-day rest period (incubation phase) and ...