This study was conducted to monitor the rate of inpatient mortality and its associated factors following open reconstruction of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in a tertiary hospital in Tehran, Iran. This retrospective study was a chart review of 112 patients undergoing open in­frarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery in one of the main tertiary hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Baseline data (d...

results there are many pitfalls in diagnosis of utis both with urinalysis and culture methods and also in evaluating the risk factors and causes of utis. conclusions this paper reviews and discusses the common pitfalls in diagnosis and evaluation of utis in children. context urinary tract infections (utis) are among the most common infections in children that affect up to 3% of boys and 8% of g...

Shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) remains the most common treatment for renal calculi. In this article, recent literature pertaining to ESWL monotherapy of renal calculi was reviewed, with the goal of improving ESWL results through better case selection. When selecting the optimal surgical approach for a patient, multiple factors must be considered. Factors to consider include stone-related factors...

Background: The main goal of this study is to determine the relationship between opium dependency and frequency of urolithiasis renal colics. Methods: In a cross sectional study we compared opium dependency in urolithiasis patients (case group) with non-urolithiasis patients (control group) and assessed urolithiasis related renal colics as risk factor to opium dependency prevalence. Dependency ...

Renal fibrosis is a common result for various chronic kidney diseases developing to the end stage. It pathological process characterized by destruction of normal structure and subsequent replacement with fibrous tissue, which primarily involves fibroblast proliferation extracellular matrix deposition. Obstruction cause renal fibrosis, obstructive disease in urology. Obstructive its insidious on...

Dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) deficiency increases renal inflammation and blood pressure in mice. We show here that long-term renal-selective silencing of Drd2 using siRNA increases renal expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic factors and blood pressure in mice. To determine the effects of renal-selective rescue of Drd2 expression in mice, the renal expression of DRD2 was first silenced us...

BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease is a growing public health problem worldwide. Previous studies have identified several predictors for renal function decline. However, these studies used a single measurement of these risk factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether besides the baseline values of these risk factors, changes in risk factors are associated with subsequent...