Some policy experts answer that question by arguing that budget constraints contributed to regulatory delays in the past. The reform simply relaxed those constraints by increasing the resources for new-drug review. However, there is little empirical evidence to suggest that changes in the fda’s budget influenced regulatory delays and the speed of review prior to user fees. Other policy experts ...

This paper reviews the experience of implementing user fees in Africa. It describes the two main approaches to implementing user fees that have been applied in African countries, the standard and the Bamako Initiative models, and their common objectives. It summarizes the evidence concerning the impact of fees on equity, efficiency and system sustainability (as opposed to financial sustainabili...

Any policy views, whether explicitly stated, inferred or interpreted from the contents of this publication, should not be represented as reflecting the views of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Aussi disponible en français sous le titre de : ABSTRACT " A Methodology to Evaluate the Impact of Cost Recovery in Canadian Agriculture and Agri-food Chains " This publication is a technical report des...

As of 2015, only 12 countries in the World Health Organization's AFRO region had met Millennium Development Goal #4 (MDG#4) to reduce under-five mortality by two-thirds by 2015. Given the variability across the African region, a four-country study was undertaken to examine barriers and facilitators of child survival prior to 2015. Kenya was one of the countries selected for an in-depth case stu...

BACKGROUND User fees have been shown to constitute a major barrier to the utilisation of health-care, particularly in low-income countries such as the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Importantly, such barriers can lead to the exclusion of vulnerable individuals from health-care. In 2008, a donor-funded primary health-care programme began implementing user fee subsidisation in 20 health zone...