In 1984, Pakistan’s military ruler General Zia-ul-Haq passed an executive Ordinance that made it a criminal offence for members of the heterodox Ahmadiyya community, a selfdefined minority sect of Islam, to refer to themselves as Muslims and practice Islam in public. Ahmadis challenged the 1984 Ordinance in both the Supreme Court and the Federal Shariat Court in Pakistan – in the former on that...

This contribution speaks to this Special Issue’s guiding question of how the approach freedom religion and minority protection can be combined foster religious communities their members by examining a particular European Court Human Rights (ECtHR) case that provokes contrasting question: ‘What happens when provisions for lead violation rather than members’ rights?’ That is Molla Sali v. Greece ...

social rights is set of rights and supports that through which the welfare, prosperity and welfare to peak and lack of well-being reaches a minimum.. whereas in western systems, pro-government social rights new born and emerged dice the model socialist state& with the aim of deter the masses from resorting to socialist revolution, islam from the very early formation of their, been noted importa...

Understanding the restrictions placed on religious institutions and associations, or freedoms that they are denied, is essential for understanding limits individual human rights more generally. This study uses Religion State round 3 (RAS3) dataset to track faced by organizations individuals between 1990 2014 explores how reduced institutional results in fewer freedoms. We find both common risin...

Millions of girls are forcibly married during the transitional period between puberty and adulthood. At a stage of vulnerability cultural practices, religious rights and social standards place her in a position where she is catapult into womanhood. An advocate against forced child marriage could argue that child rights, cultural rights, religious rights, right to marry, right to life, right to ...

In the United States, active church membership among ethnic and racial minorities has been linked to higher political participation. In Europe, the influence of religious attendance on political mobilisation of ethnic minorities has so far been little explored, despite the heated public debate about the public role of religion and particularly Islam. This study uses the 2010 Ethnic Minority Bri...