BACKGROUND Although grey matter damage in multiple sclerosis is currently recognized, determinants of grey matter volume and its relationship with disability are not yet clear. OBJECTIVES The objectives of the study were to measure grey and white matter volumes across different disease phenotypes; identify MRI parameters associated with grey matter volume; and study grey and white matter volu...

UNLABELLED We present a case of a young female patient with a rare cause of relapsing and remitting Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic ACTH secretion from a thymic neuroendocrine tumour. A 34-year-old female presented with a constellation of symptoms of Cushing's syndrome, including facial swelling, muscle weakness and cognitive impairment. We use the terms 'relapsing and remitting' in this case...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The considerable clinical effect of natalizumab in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis might be explained by its possible beneficial effect on axonal functioning. In this longitudinal study, the effect of natalizumab on absolute concentrations of total N-acetylaspartate, a marker for neuronal integrity, and other brain metabolites is investigated in patie...

Background: Neurofibromatosis type I(NF1) is a neurocutaneous autosomal dominant disorder that has variable skin and neurological manifestation Multiple sclerosis (MS) not among these sequalae of Neurofibromatosis. Only 26 cases have been reported worldwide to the combination two diseases, none them from Saudi Arabia.We are presenting young lady who was diagnosed Sclerosis, Relapsing remitting ...

background and purpose: cognitive impairment (ci) is one of the causes of disabilities in multiple sclerosis patients (ms). therefore, early detection and evaluation of cognitive performance is very important in patients with ms. the aim of the present study is to compare montreal cognitive assessment (moca) test and mini mental status exam (mmse) in relapsing remitting (rr) ms patients. method...

Conduction along the optic nerve is often slowed in multiple sclerosis (MS). This is typically assessed by measuring the latency of the P100 component of the Visual Evoked Potential (VEP) using electroencephalography. The Visual Evoked Spread Spectrum Analysis (VESPA) method, which involves modulating the contrast of a continuous visual stimulus over time, can produce a visually evoked response...

Memory and naïve B cells are considered to play distinct roles in immune regulation. However, the roles of memory and naïve B-cell subsets in multiple sclerosis (MS) have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we examined whether memory and naïve B-cell subsets differ between patients with MS and healthy subjects and whether interferon beta (IFNbeta)-1b can affect these subsets in patients wit...

CONTEXT Hypointense lesions on T1-weighted spin-echo magnetic resonance images (T1 lesions) represent destructive multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, consisting of axonal loss and matrix destruction. These lesions are being used as a secondary outcome measure in phase III clinical trials. Clinical determinants of T1 lesions may differ between subgroups of patients with MS and subsequently may have...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE For cases of multiple sclerosis (MS), magnetization transfer (MT) imaging may provide more pathologically specific and accurate estimates of the disease process than does conventional imaging. In this study, we evaluated changes of the MT ratio (MTR) of newly enhancing lesions, the MTR of normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), the average lesion MTR, and the MT histogram-d...