School refusal behavior is a difficult problem faced by many parents, educators, and mental health professionals. A functional model to guide classification, assessment, and treatment of this population has evolved in recent years. In this article, step-by-step recommendations are made for synthesizing assessment information from a particular case toward the development and confirmation of a fu...

background & aim :lack of adherence to prescribed medication is a main concern in medicine especially in chronic diseases. the aim of present study was to determine the effect of supportive text message on the adherence to treatment of depression. methods & materials : this quasi-experimental study was conducted on sixty eligible patients with diagnosis of depression who referred to a psychiatr...

Adolescents who show a tendency to refuse school could also be experiencing poor motivation towards learning. The present work aimed identify profiles of adolescents with refusal behavior (SRB) and examine whether these possible groups differed in academic self-attributions. Participants were 1183 Spanish students (53.7% girls) from 14 17 years old (M = 15.58, SD 1.08). They answered the versio...

We review three alternative approaches to modelling survey noncontact and refusal: multinomial, sequential and sample selection (bivariate probit) models. We then propose a multilevel extension of the sample selection model to allow for both interviewer effects and dependency between noncontact and refusal rates at the household and interviewer level. All methods are applied and compared in an ...

Little is known about the characteristics of meals that serve as motivating operations (MOs) for escape behavior. In the current investigation, we showed that the distance at which a therapist held a spoon from a child's lips served as an MO for escape behavior. Based on these results, we implemented spoon distance fading, compared fading with and without escape extinction (EE), and compared fa...

BACKGROUND Enucleation (eye removal) is often the only curative treatment for the childhood eye cancer retinoblastoma, yet parental refusal of enucleation commonly contributes to treatment delay and poor survival globally. METHODS Physicians who treat retinoblastoma were surveyed to glean underlying reasons for treatment refusal. RESULTS Refusal rates were higher when less time was spent wi...