The category-theoretic nature of general frames for modal logic is explored. A new notion of “modal map” between frames is defined, generalizing the usual notion of bounded morphism/p-morphism. The category Fm of all frames and modal maps has reflective subcategories CHFm of compact Hausdorff frames, DFm of descriptive frames, and UEFm of ultrafilter enlargements of frames. All three subcategor...

The category-theoretic nature of general frames for modal logic is explored. A new notion of “modal map” between frames is defined, generalizing the usual notion of bounded morphism/p-morphism. The category Fm of all frames and modal maps has reflective subcategories CHFm of compact Hausdorff frames, DFm of descriptive frames, and UEFm of ultrafilter enlargements of frames. All three subcategor...

The present study is aimed at investigating the relationship among Iranian EFL teachers’ reflective teaching, reflective thinking and classroom management ability. To this purpose, 102 male and female EFL teachers, aged between 25 and 40, with different academic background who were teaching at different levels, were chosen to fill in three questionnaires on reflective thinking, reflective teach...

this study examined the effects of cooperative learning techniques (clt) on vocabulary achievement of reflective/impulsive iranian efl learners. from among 130 students at fajr institute in dehdasht, kohkiloyeh and boyer ahmad province, iran, 90 participants were selected based on their performance on the oxford placement test (opt). the participants were then divided into two experimental grou...

We give direct categorical models for the computational lambdacalculus. By ‘direct’ I mean that the model consists of one category together with operators on objects and morphisms for modelling type and program constructors, respectively. Moggi’s λC-models, for example, are not direct, because the category of program denotations is constructed as the Kleisli category of a monad. We call our mod...

Given a category C and directed partially ordered set J, certain proJ-C on inverse systems in is constructed such that the ordinary pro-category pro-C most special case of singleton J ? {1}. Further, known pro*-category pro*-C becomes proN-C. Moreover, given pro-reflective pair (C, D), J-shape ShJ(C, D) corresponding functor SJ are which, mentioned cases, become well ones. Among several importa...

The present study aimed to investigate the interaction among grade dropping and reflective thinking abilities of the participants and to also check if action research enhances learners’ reflective thinking. A cyclic action research was run for 8 sessions. Kember et al.’s (2010) reflective thinking questionnaire and three in-term quizzes were administered. Students also made questions based on t...

The present study is aimed at investigating the relationship among Iranian EFL teachers’ reflective teaching, reflective thinking and classroom management ability. To this purpose, 102 male and female EFL teachers, aged between 25 and 40, with different academic background who were teaching at different levels, were chosen to fill in three questionnaires on reflective thinking, reflective teach...

CONTEXT Two modes of case processing have been shown to underlie diagnostic judgements: analytical and non-analytical reasoning. An optimal form of clinical reasoning is suggested to combine both modes. Conditions leading doctors to shift from the usual mode of non-analytical reasoning to reflective reasoning have not been identified. This paper reports a study aimed at exploring these conditio...

Each full reflective subcategory X of a finitely-complete category C gives rise to a factorization system (E,M) on C, where E consists of the morphisms of C inverted by the reflexion I : C → X . Under a simplifying assumption which is satisfied in many practical examples, a morphism f : A → B lies in M precisely when it is the pullback along the unit ηB : B → IB of its reflexion If : IA → IB; w...