Trace elements (TEs) are an essential component of parenteral nutrition (PN). Over the last few decades, there has been increased experience with PN, and with this knowledge more information about the management of trace elements has become available. There is increasing awareness of the effects of deficiencies and toxicities of certain trace elements. Despite this heightened awareness, much is...

We propose a framework for timing attacks, based on (a variant of) the applied-pi calculus. Since many privacy properties, as well as strong secrecy and game-based security properties, are stated as process equivalences, we focus on (time) trace equivalence. We show that actually, considering timing attacks does not add any complexity: time trace equivalence can be reduced to length trace equiv...

Performance analysis tools are an important component of the parallel program development and tuning cycle. To obtain the raw performance data, an instrumented application is run with probes that take measures of specific events or performance indicators. Tracing parallel programs can easily lead to huge trace files of hundreds of Megabytes. Several problems arise in this context: The storage r...

In the reduced free product of C∗–algebras, (A, φ) = (A1, φ1) ∗ (A2, φ2) with respect to faithful states φ1 and φ2, A is purely infinite and simple if A1 is a reduced crossed product B ⋊α,r G for G an infinite group, if φ1 is well behaved with respect to this crossed product decomposition, if A2 6= C and if φ is not a trace. The reduced free product construction for C–algebras was invented inde...

The leaching of trace metals from anthropogenically contaminated sites poses the risk of groundwater pollution. Biochar has recently been proposed as a soil additive to reduce trace-metal concentrations in the soil solution and to increase water retention, thus reducing drainage. However, field studies on the effects of biochar addition on trace-metal leaching are scarce. Therefore, we added 0,...

Trace based compilation is a technique used in managed language runtimes to detect and compile frequently executed program paths. The goal is reduced compilation time and improved code quality since only “hot” parts of methods are ever compiled. Trace compilation is well suited for interpreter based runtime environments because the control flow of an application program is highly visible and re...

Food production by urban dwellers is of growing importance in developing and developed countries. Urban horticulture is associated with health risks as crops in urban settings are generally exposed to higher levels of pollutants than those in rural areas. We determined the concentration of trace metals in the biomass of different horticultural crops grown in the inner city of Berlin, Germany, a...

The traces of the Murphy operators of the Hecke algebra Hn(q), and of products of sets of Murphy operators with non-consecutive indices, can be evaluated by a straightforward recursive procedure. These traces are shown to determine all the reduced traces in this algebra, which, in turn, determine all other traces. To illustrate the procedure we obtain the set of reduced traces for H7(q) the low...