Metal-organic-framework nanoparticles (MOF NPs) have been increasingly used to encapsulate therapeutic enzymes for delivery. To better interface these MOF NPs with biological systems, researchers coated them natural cell membranes, enabling biomimicking properties suitable innovative biomedical applications. Herein, we report that the enzymatic activity of cell-membrane-coated can be significan...

This model focuses on the behavior of capillary-tissue fluid exchange system when the diameter of the capillary is less than that of red cell. In vivo and in vitro observations indicate that the width of the gap between the red cell and the vessel wall is generally small compared to the radius of the capillary for a single file flow of red cell in narrow vessel, particularly if the vessel diame...

Objectives: Immobilization effects on antioxidant enzymes activities, red-ox variables and rheological parameters of erythrocytes were studied. Background: It is not clear to which extent immobilization-induced oxidative stress may affect erythrocyte rheology. Method: Hematological and red-ox variables, erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes activities, and rheologic parameters of erythrocytes were an...

The aim of this study was to compare invasive and non-invasive strains of Shigella flexneri isolated from Tehran by a 120 kDa protein band by SDS-PAGE, electron microscopy of cell culture and Congo red dye methods. Methods: S. flexneri strains were isolated by standard bacterial methods from fecal specimens of children attending to the 3 children’s hospitals. Phenotype analysis for screening v...

Plants and algae possess plastids and mitochondria harboring their own genomes, which are replicated by the apparatus consisting of DNA polymerase, DNA primase, DNA helicase, DNA topoisomerase, single-stranded DNA maintenance protein, DNA ligase, and primer removal enzyme. In the higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana, organellar replication-related enzymes (OREs) are similar in plastids and mitocho...

The original artificial red blood cells have evolved into oxygen carriers in the form of polyhemoglobin and conjugated hemoglobin. Clinical conditions requiring only oxygen carriers are responding well to these types of oxygen carriers without the need for a complete artificial red blood cell. For those conditions requiring more than just oxygen carriers, new generations of polyhemoglobin conta...

Hemolysis presents as acute or chronic anemia, reticulocytosis, or jaundice. The diagnosis is established by reticulocytosis, increased unconjugated bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase, decreased haptoglobin, and peripheral blood smear findings. Premature destruction of erythrocytes occurs intravascularly or extravascularly. The etiologies of hemolysis often are categorized as acquired or hered...

The mechanisms of cellular insulin degradation remain uncertain. Considerable evidence now exists that the primary cellular insulin-degrading activity is a metallothiol proteinase. Two similar degrading activities have been purified and characterized. Insulin protease has been purified from rat skeletal muscle and insulin-degrading enzyme from human red blood cells. Whereas the two degrading ac...

With the total life span of the human red cell averaging 120 days, about 0.8 per cent of the circulating erythrocytes disintegrate daily. Normal red cell destruction has been attributed to extraand intracorpuscular factors (1, 2); until recently, little attention has been paid to the intrinsic processes of impaired function in normal red cells that may lead to possible disintegration. The metab...