Recently, with great interest we read the review article by Zeraati et al. entitled “A review article: access recirculation among end stage renal disease patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis” in your most valuable journal (1). The author summarized some of observations about causes and clinical significance of arteriovenous (AV) fistula recirculation, techniques for accurate assessment ...

current approaches to the analysis of internal combustion engines are no longer merely based on the first law of thermodynamics and are conducted from the second law either. the evaluation of processes by the first law cannot provide a sophisticated insight into the issue. so, due to the necessity of having a detailed perspective of the losses in different thermodynamic processes, a useful meth...

a finite volume-lattice boltzmann algorithm is applied to study skin friction behaviour in different channel flows. for this purpose, cell centred scheme is adapted to discretize the boltzmann equation and consistent boundary conditions are also addressed, which resulted in a wider domain of stability. a simulation of flow in a two dimensional channels with different geometries are carried out....

Introduction Effectiveness of veno-venous (VV) ECMO treatment is in part dependent on the magnitude of recirculation. The recirculation fraction (RF) is for example influenced by cannulation type (dual lumen or single lumen cannulas), cannula position, pump flow, and cardiac output. RF might also be affected by cannula design. Knowledge of RF related to a certain cannula design might influence ...