The extracellular domain of several membrane-anchored proteins can be released as a soluble fragment by the action of a cell surface endoproteolytic system. This cleavage results in the generation of a soluble and a cell-bound fragment. In the case of proteins with signaling capability, such as tyrosine kinase receptors, the cleavage process may have an effect on the kinase activity of the cell...

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers that include all of the digestive tract organs are generally associated with obesity, lack exercising, smoking, poor diet, and heavy alcohol consumption. Treatment GI typically involves surgery followed by chemotherapy and/or radiation. Unfortunately, intrinsic or acquired resistance to these therapies underscore need for more effective targeted have been proven in...

The erythropoietin (Epo) receptor belongs to the cytokine receptor superfamily. Although the cytokine receptors do not possess a tyrosine kinase consensus sequence in the intracellular domain, rapid stimulation of a tyrosine kinase activity occurs after activation by the ligand. We and others have shown that Epo induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of its cognate receptor as well as phosphoryla...

Insulin induces tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc in cell cultures and in insulin-sensitive tissues of the intact rat. However, the ability of insulin receptor (IR) tyrosine kinase to phosphorylate Shc has not been previously demonstrated. In the present study, we investigated insulin-induced IR tyrosine kinase activity towards Shc. Insulin receptor was immunoprecipitated from liver extracts, bef...

discoidin domain receptor (ddr) is a new member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family. there are two isoforms of discoidin domain receptor (ddr), ddr1 and ddr2. these receptors play a major role in the adhesion, motility and cell proliferation. due to the important role of ddr2 in the development of tumor extension, this receptor is pivotal in the field of carcinogenesis. the aim of this study...

Ionizing radiation induces an intracellular stress response via activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K)/Akt survival pathway. In tumor cells, the PI3K/Akt pathway is induced through activation of members of ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases. Here, we investigated the receptor dependence of radiation-induced PI3K/Akt activation in tumor cells and in endothelial cells. The integrity ...

Kinase inhibitors (KIs) represent a popular class of therapeutic agents and chemical probes but most them tend to be polypharmacological. Receptor non-receptor Tyrosine KIs can target more than 100 kinases simultaneously compare other KIs. We here analyze the molecular targets 41 U.S. Food Drug Administration (FDA)-approved chose 18 drugs (Tyrosine KIs) sought out evaluate their selectivity pro...

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin receptors are structurally similar with ligand-stimulated tyrosine kinase activity in their cytoplasmic domains. The function of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase in signal transduction has been studied extensively in contrast to the IGF-I receptor tyrosine kinase. In the present study we have analyzed the regulatory function of the IGF-I rece...

Smoking has been linked to male infertility by affecting the sperm epigenome and genome. In this study, we aimed determine possible changes in transcript levels of PGAM5 (the phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5), PTPRN2 (protein tyrosine phosphatase, N2-type receptor), TYRO3 (tyrosine protein kinase receptor) heavy smokers compared non-smokers, investigate their association with fundamental...

People’s lives and health are gravely threatened by non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a transmembrane tyrosine kinase, considered one of the causes NSCLC. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) typically used to treat patients with EGFR mutations. In this study, Gefitinib, member first generation TKIs, was an single-point mutation (single mutan...