When a vehicle equipped with tire is manoeuvred on the ground, the tires are submitted to a number of forces – longitudinal force when driving or braking torque is applied to the wheel and/or lateral force when the wheel is steered to turn at a corner. Pacejka model describes these forces that represent the reaction of the road onto the tire. This nonlinear model depends on correlated parameter...

The self-assembly of copper(II) ions and 5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate (1) leads to Nanoballs in which twelve dinuclear copper(II) paddle-wheel units are interconnected via 24 ligands. The structure of the spherical coordination compound decorated with 24 hydroxy groups has been determined by single crystal X-ray structure analysis. As a model for the integration of Nanoballs int...

Reaction wheels are widely used in the attitude control system of small satellites. Unfortunately, reaction failure restricts efficacy a satellite, and it is one many reasons leading to premature abandonment This study observes measurable parameter faulty wheel induced with incipient fault estimate remaining useful life wheels. We achieve this goal three stages, as none observable parameters di...

Evaluation of the rolling resistance car tires is now often performed on drum stands like tests. This necessitates study mechanics interaction between wheel and in order to determine its force kinematic characteristics, including values points application tangential normal forces contact with drum. These problems can be solved taking into account that elastic a same as when flat rigid support s...

Traditional online wheel-set ultrasonic inspection method and inspection technology can not meet the new requirement of High Power Locomotive wheel-set online. In this article, features of locomotive wheel and defect distribution are analyzed, and a more strictly online inspection requirement is put forward. Based on which, an optimized multi arrangement of phased array and conventional ultraso...

the tire-mechanics models have been developed for the study of wheel movement on the road or soil surface while these models are unlikely to describe the motion of wheels on uneven surfaces. due to dynamical complexity of this phenomena and the importance of this subject for farm conditions and the wheel carrier devices, the present research aimed to investigate the effects of several parameter...

In the presence of Na(+) ions, the reaction of the ligand 2-hydroxy-1,3-bis-(3-oxo-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyl)-benzene, H5L4, with M(AcO)2 salts (M = Mn, Co) gathers the conditions for the assembly of coordination complexes (NBu4)3[M2Na2(H2L4)3] (M = Mn(II) 1 and Co(II) 2), which exhibit a new paddle-wheel structure. The features of this new category of compounds are discussed as well as the...

In this paper, an innovative mobile platform is presented which is equipped by three new wheels. The core of the new idea is to establish a new design of rigid circular structure which can be implemented as a wheel by variable radius. The structure of wheel includes a circular pattern of a simple two-link mechanism assembled to obtain a wheel shape. Each wheel has two degrees of freedom. The fi...

The reaction of Zn(NO3)2 x 6H2O, various dicarboxylic acids, and either 4,4'-bipyridine or N,N'-di(4-pyridyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxydiimide produces a family of anisotropic, mixed-ligand, open-framework compounds featuring paddle-wheel-type coordination of Zn(II) pairs in two dimensions and pyridyl ligand pillaring in the third. Despite 2-fold interpenetration, the compounds contain ch...