this study aims to investigate the effects of geometric imperfections on buckling of thin cylindrical shells due to global shear. to this end, more than 320 finite element models of cylindrical shells with different diameter to thickness ratios were prepared. random imperfections with different amplitudes were applied to numerical models. the results revealed that global buckling of cylindrical...

With increasing clock frequencies and silicon integration , power aware computing has become a critical concern in the design of embedded processors and systems-on-chip. One of the more effective and widely used methods for power-aware computing is dynamic voltage scaling (DVS). In order to obtain the maximum power savings from DVS, it is essential to scale the supply voltage as low as possible...

Classical Bayesianism represents ignorance, if at all, by flatness of prior probabilities. Such probabilities are an essential part of the standard Bayesian explanation of Ockham’s razor. But flatness as a model of ignorance is called into question by Ellsberg’s paradox, which has led to the consideration of incoherent or inexact degrees of belief, both of which undermine the usual explanation ...

Pterygophora californica Ruprecht, Eisenja arborea Areschoug and Laminana setchellii Silva are 3 common kelps (Laminariales, Phaeophyta) found in the shallow subtidal of open coastal British Columbia, Canada. Earlier laboratory studies showed that P. californica stipes had a cr~tical flaw length (CFL, the length of a flaw which, if exceeded, results in structural failure) of 0.2 mm. In this pap...

\Occam's Razor" is an important metatheoretical principle in science. Mathematical methods from ergodic theory, information theory, and the theory of algorithms and stochastic processes can be used to help clarify the meaning of Occam's Razor and address the philosophical problems it raises. 1 1 \Pluralitas non est ponenda sine nec-cesitate." Thus, William of Occam articulated the famous princi...

Interpreting entropy as a prior probability suggests a universal but “purely empirical” measure of “goodness of fit”. This allows statistical techniques to be used in situations where the correct theory — and not just its parameters — is still unknown. As developed illustratively for least-squares nonlinear regression, the measure proves to be a transformation of the R statistic. Unlike the lat...

Most hermit crabs depend on empty gastropod shells for shelter; competition for appropriate shells is often severe. This study determined whether shells that have been drilled by naticid gastropods are suitable for occupancy by the hermit crab Pagurus longicarpus. Differences in the characteristics of empty shells and those occupied by hermit crabs were assessed at two adjacent field sites in N...

In this paper, I show why in an ensemble theory of the universe, we should be inhabiting one of the elements of that ensemble with least information content that satisfies the anthropic principle. This explains the effectiveness of aesthetic principles such as Occam’s razor in predicting usefulness of scientific theories. I also show, with a couple of reasonable assumptions about the phenomenon...

This article discusses the application of laser to trim the outer surface from tree-ring increment cores in preparation for dendrochemistry of certain metals. A source of contamination specific to dendrochemistry of metals is metal constituents, such as iron, tungsten, chromium, nickel, and cobalt, coming off tools used to collect and process cores and adhering to the sample surface. One method...