calcium fluoride nanoparticles with special amount of cerium ion (%1) were synthesized by coprecipitation. fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (ftir), x-ray diffraction (xrd), absorption and photoluminescence (pl) from caf2ce nanoparticles has been investigated. ftir spectra reveal that there are some amounts of oh, no3 and other organic functional groups on the particle surfaces before th...

A technique based on x-ray diffraction (XRD) is introduced to understand the variation of the grain-to-grain ordering in FePt recording media. We classify the possible ways that the grains may be ordered into three types: homogeneous ordering, inhomogeneous ordering, and bipolar ordering. We study the possible impact of each type of ordering on the XRD spectra in terms of the relative angular p...

A breadboard setup constructed at MOXTEK, Inc. is capable of capturing both XRF and XRD information using a charge-coupled device (CCD) as the x-ray detector. This preliminary setup will lead to a prototype simultaneous XRD/XRF instrument. NASA is funding the instrument’s construction because of its capabilities and small size; it could be used for future Mars missions for rock analysis. The in...

Density, chemical, structural and vibrational studies of GexSb65Se35-x system with 0 ≤ x ≤ 20 produce by melt-quench technique were carried out using Archimedes method, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. All specimens are polycrystalline in nature as confirmed by XRD pattern. The compositional dependence of the XRD and Raman spectra suggests th...

Chitosan–silver (CS–Ag) nanocomposite materials were synthesized by a simple chemical method. The synthesized CS–Ag nanocomposite contains 20 wt% silver. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction method as well. The CS–Ag nanocomposite was characterized using Field emission scanning electronic microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrosc...

To clarify the inconsistency between calculated and existing experimental X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern for dicopper magnesium (MgCu2) nd to identify the impurity phase in Cu-sheathed MgB2 superconductors, polycrystalline MgCu2 samples were synthesized and studied by XRD easurement. The XRD result shows that the (2 2 0), (4 2 2), (6 2 0), and (6 4 2) reflection lines, which are missing from t...

The reduction of tungsten hexachloride with lead powder was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Intermediate compounds along the way of the reduction of W6+ to W2+ were detected, prepared by solid-state synthesis, and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction techniques. Five new compounds, namely Pb0.5WCl6, PbW2Cl10, Pb1....

X-ray diffraction techniques are a very useful characterization tool to study, non-destructively, the crystallographic structure, chemical composition and physical properties of materials and thin films. It can also be used to measure various structural properties of these crystalline phases such as strain, grain size, phase composition, and defect structure. XRD is also used to determine the t...

Single-crystalline SnO2 microcubes were grown using the hydrothermal method without any catalyst. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis verified that the cubes are tin dioxide SnO2. Their morphology and structure was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and Raman 5m...

The legacy of planetary X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) began in 1960 when W. Parish proposed an XRD instrument for deployment on the moon. The instrument was built and flight qualified, but the Lunar XRD program was cancelled shortly before the first human landing in 1969. XRF chemical data have been collected in situ by surface landers on Mars (Viking 1 & 2, Pathfinder) a...