Induction of early pituitary progenitors is achieved through combined activities of signals from adjacent embryonic tissues. Previous studies have identified a requirement for oral ectoderm derived Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) in specification and/or proliferation of early pituitary progenitors, however how different Gli genes mediate Shh signaling to control pituitary progenitor development has not ye...

The authors report two cases of coexisting Rathke cleft cyst (RCC) and pituitary macroadenoma. Both patients presented at the university hospital with pituitary apoplexy symptoms of sudden-onset headache while undergoing treatment with Coumadin (warfarin). Magnetic resonance imaging was consistent with a pituitary adenoma in one case and RCC in the other. Intraoperative findings and pathologica...

Pituitary adenoma (PA) concomitant with Rathke cleft cyst (RCC) is extremely rare. The risk of recurrence of both PA and RCC necessitates post-operative follow-up. Here we describe a 22-year-old woman was admitted for headache and hypopsia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a sellar mass. During surgery, a small RCC was incidentally found inside the PA. Both tumors were completely resec...

We reconstruct Milner’s [1] category of abstract binding bigraphs Bbg(K) over a signature K as the free (or initial) symmetric monoidal closed (smc) category S(TK) generated by a derived theory TK. The morphisms of S(TK) are essentially proof nets from the Intuitionistic Multiplicative fragment (imll) of Linear Logic [2]. Formally, we construct a faithful, essentially injective on objects funct...