The human protein Rap1A (Rap) is a member of the Ras superfamily of GTPases that binds to the downstream effector Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator (RalGDS). Although Ras and Rap have nearly identical amino acid sequences and structures along the effector binding surface, the charge reversal mutation Rap K31E has previously been shown to increase the dissociation constant of Rap-Ra...

Due to the high price of crude oil, and consequently asphalt binder, the application of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in pavement technology is widely considered. The present paper is the result of a laboratory research which was carried out to investigate the effects of adding a rejuvenating agent to Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) with RAP. To this end, test samples comprised of Aged Asphalt Binder ...

The weaning of piglets is often associated with digestive disorders, particularly diarrhea--postweaning colibacillosis (PWC)--which is caused by infection with enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli. It has been shown previously that a diet for newly weaned pigs based on cooked white rice and animal protein decreases the occurrence of PWC, whereas the addition of carboxymethylcellulose (CM...

OBJECTIVES To explore health anxiety in children with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) using a symbolic play assessment. METHODS Children with RAP and two control groups (with asthma and well children) were recruited. Eighty-four families completed play and questionnaire assessments of health anxiety and psychological functioning. RESULTS Children with RAP demonstrated less use of psychologic...

Method We did a retrospective study on two groups of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery over a six month period. In the non RAP group (n = 124), the CPB circuit was primed with crystalloid standard prime. In the RAP group (n = 120), retrograde autologous priming was used to reduce crystalloid prime (620.77 ml ± 133.13 ml). Haematocrit levels, transfusion requirements and other c...

Evolutionary expansion of signaling pathway families often underlies the evolution of regulatory complexity. Expansion requires the acquisition of a novel homologous pathway and the diversification of pathway specificity. Acquisition can occur either vertically, by duplication, or through horizontal transfer, while divergence of specificity is thought to occur through a promiscuous protein inte...

BACKGROUND  Right atrial pressure (RAP) is commonly estimated using inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter and its respirophasic variations. Although a guideline has been provided for estimation of RAP due to variation in IVC dimensions based on studies in Western subjects, echocardiographic values in Asian subjects are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS  We studied 369 patients who underwent IVC ultras...

The asphalt paving industries are faced with two major problems. These two important challenges are generated with an increase in demand for environmentally friendly paving mixtures and the problem of rapidly rising raw materials. Recycling of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is a critical necessity to save precious aggregates and reduce the use of costly bitumen. Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) technol...

Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a learning disability affecting 5-17% of children. Although researchers agree that DD is characterized by deficient phonological processing (PP), its cause is debated. It has been suggested that altered rapid auditory processing (RAP) may lead to deficient PP in DD and studies have shown deficient RAP in individuals with DD. Functional neuroimaging (fMRI) studies ...

BACKGROUND AF can be induced by RAP or ISO in >85% of patients with PAF. METHODS ISO was administered in escalating doses of 5, 10, 15, and 20 microg/min in 112 patients (age = 56 +/- 13 years) with PAF before radiofrequency catheter ablation. AF was inducible in 97 of 112 patients (87%) at a mean dose of 15 +/- 5 microg/min. RAP induced AF in the remaining 14 of 15 patients. Antral pulmonary...