Steady states of alternating-current (AC) circuits have been studied in considerable detail. In 1982, Baillieul and Byrnes derived an upper bound on the number of steady states in a loss-less AC circuit [IEEE TCAS, 29(11): 724–737] and conjectured that this bound holds for AC circuits in general. We prove this is indeed the case, among other results, by studying a certain multi-homogeneous stru...

The present research tackles two main areas of financial mismanagement, namely avoiding debt-related information and underestimating expenditure. We draw upon research which has shown that inviting people to think about reasons for avoiding something actually serves to reduce the likelihood that they will then avoid it, and potentially improves what they know about it. Therefore, in three studi...

Infant rats were exposed to hypoxia. At different time periods after the hypoxic aggression the animals were subjected to a one-way active avoidance task consisting of 3 daily training sessions. Learning performance of hypoxic rats, expressed as the number of avoidances per 10 trials, was significantly decreased in all the sessions at posthypoxic day 35 (P < 0.001). The rate to which learning b...

We investigated the effects of cortisol administration (50 mg) on approach and avoidance tendencies in low and high trait avoidant healthy young men. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were measured during a reaction time task, in which participants evaluated the emotional expression of photographs of happy and angry faces by making an approaching (flexion) or avoiding (extension) arm moveme...