abstract land surface hydrological models has importance in the determination of soil moisture and temperature, the rate of evapotranspiration, stream flow by emphasis on the land surface physical and dynamic process descriptions. in this research, vic land surface hydrological model has been used for the land surface temperature and stream flow determination. the vic runoff simulation in each ...

Numerous methods have been proposed to conduct cryptographically secure elections. Most of these protocols focus on 1-out-of-n voting schemes. Few protocols have been devised for preferential voting systems, in which voters provide a list of rankings of the candidates, and many of those treat ballots as if they were ballots in a 1-out-of-n voting scheme. We propose a linked-list-based scheme th...

The rivers of the Front Range are dammed and diverted to provide water to the surrounding regions, and they are constricted by roads and railroads, stocked with fish, polluted by mining wastes and urban runoff. Yet many of the people who visit the Front Range for short periods perceive the landscape to be a nearly pristine wilderness because they are unaware of the historical impacts of human a...

background : road runoff is a linear diffuse source of pollution, with very specific pollutant characteristics and ability to discharge into the environment. heavy metal pollution in road runoff has caused widespread concern since the last century. therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess fe, pb, and cd concentrations in surface runoff from regions with high traffic intensity in the c...