Understanding the seed rain and seed loss dynamics in the natural condition has important significance for revealing the natural regeneration mechanisms. We conducted a 3-year field observation on seed rain, seed loss and natural regeneration of Castanopsis fargesii Franch., a dominant tree species in evergreen broad-leaved forests in Dujiangyan, southwestern China. The results showed that: (1)...

Rain drop shapes play an important role in algorithm development for determining rainfall rates from polarimetric radar measurements [1]. It has been shown previously that the 2D video disdrometer (2DVD) [2] is capable of providing accurate information on drop shapes. An artificial rain experiment conducted under calm wind conditions [3, 4] yielded the mean drop shapes and the shape variations ...

We examined the effects of prescribed fire on white pine (Pinus strobus) advance regeneration in small experimental plots in mixed hardwood-pine forests in southwestern Virginia during the fall and spring. Fires killed all newly germinated seedlings in both spring and fall. Saplings (ranging from 0.7 3.4 m in height) all suffered some degree of crown scorch, but sapling survival was higher on p...

A 10,000 ha lower coastal plain land near Plymouth in eastern North Carolina has been intensively monitored since 1996 to measure hydro-meteorological parameters including outflows and quality of water drained from fields and subwatersheds with varying land management practices. This study summarized the data for a six-year period (1996-2001) for a 2950 ha forested, a 710 ha agricultural subwat...

Network fade countermeasures for link budget can be better implemented based on the knowledge of seasonal variability of rainfall attenuation in a locality. Therefore, in this study, a seasonal approach is applied to estimate the effects of spatial rainfall attenuation in Durban (29◦52’S, 30◦58’E), South Africa using twoyear rainfall data obtained from the RD-80 Joss-Waldvogel (J-W) distrometer...

Cities’ vulnerability to extreme rainfall is increasing due to urbanization, increase of imperviousness, implementation of complex network of infrastructures, and alteration of precipitation patterns as an effect of climate change. More severe and more frequent storms are expected, having a strong impact in urban catchments, which will become more prone to floods. Because of the short duration ...

These two studies explored 3- and 5-year-olds' evaluation of noncircular and circular explanations, and their use of such explanations to determine informant credibility. Although 5-year-olds demonstrated a selective preference for noncircular over circular explanations (Experiment 1: Long Explanations; Experiment 2: Short Explanations), 3-year-olds only demonstrated a preference for the noncir...