Disclination lines in nematic liquid crystals can be used as "soft rails" for the transport of colloids or droplets through microfluidic channels [A. Sengupta, C. Bahr and S. Herminghaus, Soft Matter, 2013, 9, 7251]. In the present study we report on a method to connect and disconnect disclination lines in microfluidic channels using the interplay between anchoring, flow, and electric field. We...

in this paper effects of fractured sleepers on rail track vibration under moving wheelset have been investigated. two parallel rails of the track have been modeled as euler-bernoulli beams on elastic points as rail pads. also sleepers have been modeled as visco-elastic euler-bernoulli beams. it is assumed that, some sleepers under the rail track have been fractured and modeled by two beams. the...

In order to realize voltage stabilization and energy saving of rail transit traction supply system, a Li-ion battery energy storage system (BESS) is presented for application in the DC traction grid to reuse the braking energy of the vehicles. According to the models of traction substation, power lines and vehicles, the braking energy saved by BESS is calculated in MatLAB/Simulink, and the perf...

This paper deals with the threshold radius that warrants the use of single restraining rail for transit and railroads. Different railways use different threshold radius from 91m to 365m to provide restraining rail. These threshold figures are probably experience driven choices. The need for restraining rail may be related to a so-called derailment alarm coefficient of 1.2 sustained over 2m leng...

7 This paper proposes a three-stage game-theoretic model to study air-rail competition in intercity 8 passenger corridors. We consider duopolistic markets, in which a rail agency competes against an airline to 9 maximize their respective objectives. The objective of the rail agency can be maximizing profit or social welfare, 10 or a mix of the two. At the top stage, the rail agency first determ...

An 8-bit coarse digital-to-analog converter (DAC), which adopts both array and tree-type decoders, is combined with a 2-bit fine interpolation DAC to reduce RC time delay and die area of a column driver for LCD-HDTV applications. Error amplifiers drive a pair of column lines in the output buffer to realize rail-torail voltage swing with a high slew rate. The design has been fabricated in 0.3 μm...

the track stiffness experienced by a train will vary along the track. sometimes the stiffness variation may be very large within a short distance. one example is when an unsupported sleeper is hanging in the rail. track stiffness is then, locally at that sleeper, very low. at insulated joints the bending stiffness of the rail has a discontinuity implying a discontinuity also of the track stiffn...

Long term demand for rail transportation in North America is projected to increase considerably in the coming decades. A significant portion of the routes in the United States are single track with passing sidings. Eventually, the second mainline track will become necessary to maintain network fluidity. However, the full funding for the second track may not be available all at once; subsequentl...