Severe combined immunodeficiencies represent a heterogeneous group of hereditary defects of the immune system that affect both T and B cells and whose etiology has only recently begun to be understood. A portion of these SCID patients bear a defect in either of the two recombination-activating genes, Rag-1 or Rag-2, while others have mutations in a newly identified gene, Artemis. Omenn syndrome...

Antigen-binding diversity is generated by site-specific V(D)J recombination of the T cell receptor (TCR) and immunoglobulin loci in lymphocyte precursors. Coordinate expression of two structurally distinct recombinase activating genes, RAG-1 and RAG-2, is necessary for activation of site-specific V(D)J recombination. In mice bearing targeted disruptions of either the RAG-1 or RAG-2 genes, T and...

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is mostly utilised to monitor epilepsy revitalize the close loop brain. Several classical methods devised identify seizures rely on visual analysis of EEG signals which a costly and complex task if channel count increases. A novel method, namely, rag-Rider optimisation algorithm (rag-ROA) for training deep recurrent neural network (Deep RNN) discover epileptic ...

By means of the enrichment culture technique, a mixed population of microorganisms was obtained which catalyzed the dispersion of crude oil in supplemented sea water. From this enrichment culture, eight pure cultures were isolated and studied. Only one of the isolates (RAG-1) brought about a significant dispersion of crude oil. RAG-1 has been tentatively characterized as a member of the genus A...

Multiple myeloma, and the associated osteolytic bone disease, is highly dependent upon cellular interactions within the bone marrow microenvironment. A major limitation of existing myeloma models is the requirement for a specific host strain of mouse, preventing molecular examination of the bone marrow microenvironment. The aim of the current study was to develop a model of myeloma in which the...

The study was designed to assess the geostatistical spatial distribution of anemia and determinant factors among women reproductive age group (RAG) in Gilgit district, Pakistan. Hb levels for 15–25 RAG, 26–35 36–45 showed 10.22 g/dL, 10.41 9.90 g/dL levels, respectively, while level a nugget/sill ratio 0.21 inferring strong group, weak 26–36, moderate dependence. Furthermore, RAG 8% severe 33.3...

Recombination-Activating Genes (RAG) 1 and 2 form the site specific recombinase that mediates V(D)J recombination, a process of DNA editing required for lymphocyte development and responsible for their diverse repertoire of antigen receptors. Mistargeted RAG activity associates with genome alteration and is responsible for various lymphoid tumors. Moreover several non-lymphoid tumors express RA...

Toward identifying molecules involved in cell-cell interactions during cerebral cortical development, we have investigated the nature of immunoglobulin-like immunoreactivity (Ig-ir) in the murine cortex. Immunohistochemistry using several antisera recognizing IgG revealed intense immunoreactivity in the subplate and marginal zone of embryonic day 16 cortex, as well as in the hindbrain and spina...

Amino acids are required for activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase, which regulates protein translation, cell size, and autophagy. However, the amino acid sensor that directly couples intracellular amino acid-mediated signaling to mTORC1 is unknown. Here we show that leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LRS) plays a critical role in amino acid-induced mTORC1 activation by sensing int...

Although IL-7 has recently emerged as a key cytokine involved in controlling the homeostatic turnover and the survival of peripheral resting memory CD4(+) T cells, its potential to be sustained pathogenic CD4(+) T cells in chronic immune diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, still remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that IL-7 is essential for the development and the persiste...